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  • Question 1 - Select the correct statement regarding cholecystokinin (CCK): ...

    Incorrect

    • Select the correct statement regarding cholecystokinin (CCK):

      Your Answer: Its secretion is inhibited by peptides and amino acids in the intestinal lumen.

      Correct Answer: It causes gallbladder contraction and pancreatic enzyme secretion.

      Explanation:

      CCK has a primary action of increasing the motility of the gallbladder by contracting the muscles in the mucosa of the gall bladder. Apart from this, it augments the action of secretin, resulting in the production of an alkaline pancreatic juice. It increases the synthesis of enterokinase, inhibits gastric emptying and may also enhance the motility of the small intestine and colon. It is released (secreted) by your small intestine during the digestive process. It’s sometimes called pancreozymin.

    • This question is part of the following fields:

      • Gastrointestinal
      • Medicine
      38.3
      Seconds

  • Question 2 - Where in the gastrointestinal tract are Brunner glands? ...

    Incorrect

    • Where in the gastrointestinal tract are Brunner glands?

      Your Answer: Colon

      Correct Answer: Duodenum

      Explanation:

      Brunner’s glands (or duodenal glands) are compound tubular submucosal glands found in that portion of the duodenum which is above the hepatopancreatic sphincter (aka sphincter of Oddi). The main function of these glands is to produce a mucus-rich alkaline secretion (containing bicarbonate) in order to:- protect the duodenum from the acidic content of chyme (which is introduced into the duodenum from the stomach);- provide an alkaline condition for the intestinal enzymes to be active, thus enabling absorption to take place; lubricate the intestinal walls.

    • This question is part of the following fields:

      • Gastrointestinal
      • Medicine
      16.7
      Seconds

  • Question 3 - All of the following constitute small intestinal brush border enzymes except: ...

    Correct

    • All of the following constitute small intestinal brush border enzymes except:

      Your Answer: Alpha-amylase

      Explanation:

      The final step in digestion of carbohydrates, which is conversion of disaccharides to absorbable monosaccharides occurs on the small intestinal epithelial cells. The enzymes responsible for this final stage of digestion are not freely found in the intestinal lumen, but they are found as integral membrane proteins in the plasma membrane of the epithelial cell. The apical plasma membrane of the intestinal epithelial cell has numerous microvilli which extend from the cell known as the brush border. Thus, the enzymes embedded in those microvilli are referred to as brush border enzymes. All these enzymes except alfa amylase are brush border enzymes. Alfa amylase is secreted by pancreatic acinar cells.

    • This question is part of the following fields:

      • Gastrointestinal
      • Medicine
      26.2
      Seconds

  • Question 4 - Which enzyme is responsible for the formation of the active endopeptidases from their...

    Incorrect

    • Which enzyme is responsible for the formation of the active endopeptidases from their inactive precursors?

      Your Answer: Pepsin

      Correct Answer: Enterokinase

      Explanation:

      Enterokinase is a brush border enzyme of the duodenum that activates proteolytic enzymes for further digestion of proteins. Trypsinogen is converted to trypsin by the action of enterokinase. Trypsin and chymotrypsin are secreted by the pancreatic acinar cells and are enzymes that aid in protein digestion. Pepsin is secreted by chief cells of gastric mucosa. Procarboxydase is the inactive form of carboxypeptidase which is converted to its active form by trypsin and is secreted by pancreatic acinar cells.

    • This question is part of the following fields:

      • Gastrointestinal
      • Medicine
      35.8
      Seconds

  • Question 5 - Regarding the anatomy of the intestine, the muscularis propria contains all of which...

    Incorrect

    • Regarding the anatomy of the intestine, the muscularis propria contains all of which of the following constituents?

      Your Answer: Lamina propria, muscularis mucosa, submucosa

      Correct Answer: Circular muscle, myenteric plexus, longitudinal muscle

      Explanation:

      The muscularis mucosa/propria consists of the inner circular muscles and the outer longitudinal muscles. Between these muscles is the myenteric plexus.

    • This question is part of the following fields:

      • Gastrointestinal
      • Medicine
      13.1
      Seconds

  • Question 6 - Where in the gastrointestinal tract are valvulae conniventes? ...

    Incorrect

    • Where in the gastrointestinal tract are valvulae conniventes?

      Your Answer: Colon

      Correct Answer: Jejunum

      Explanation:

      The circular folds (valves of Kerckring or valvulae conniventes) are large valvular flaps projecting into the lumen of the small intestine.

    • This question is part of the following fields:

      • Gastrointestinal
      • Medicine
      7.8
      Seconds

  • Question 7 - The enzyme located on the brush border of the small intestine activating the...

    Incorrect

    • The enzyme located on the brush border of the small intestine activating the proteolytic enzymes for further digestion of proteins is called?

      Your Answer: Pepsin

      Correct Answer: Enterokinase

      Explanation:

      Enterokinase is a brush border enzyme of the duodenum that activates proteolytic enzymes for further digestion of proteins. Trypsinogen is converted to trypsin by the action of enterokinase. Trypsin and chymotrypsin are secreted by the pancreatic acinar cells and are enzymes that aid in protein digestion. Pepsin is secreted by chief cells of the gastric mucosa. Procarboxydase is the inactive form of carboxypeptidase which is converted to its active form by trypsin and is secreted by pancreatic acinar cells.

    • This question is part of the following fields:

      • Gastrointestinal
      • Medicine
      15.8
      Seconds

  • Question 8 - The intestine is lined by: ...

    Incorrect

    • The intestine is lined by:

      Your Answer: Simple cuboidal epithelium

      Correct Answer: Simple columnar epithelium

      Explanation:

      In the small intestine, epithelium is simple columnar and specialised for absorption. The epithelium is arranged into villi, creating a brush border and increasing the area for absorption. The epithelium is simple columnar with microvilli.In the colon, epithelium is simple columnar and without villi. Goblet cells, which secrete mucous, are also present.

    • This question is part of the following fields:

      • Gastrointestinal
      • Medicine
      7.6
      Seconds

  • Question 9 - Cells responsible for completely renewing the epithelium of the intestine are located: ...

    Correct

    • Cells responsible for completely renewing the epithelium of the intestine are located:

      Your Answer: At the base of the crypts

      Explanation:

      Epithelial cells are renewed every 4-5 days through a process of renewal and migration. Renewal relies on proliferative cells or stem cells that reside at the crypt base of the intestinal glands. Crypts are epithelial invasions into the underlying connective tissue.

    • This question is part of the following fields:

      • Gastrointestinal
      • Medicine
      14
      Seconds

  • Question 10 - The end product of trehalase action on oligosaccharides is ...

    Correct

    • The end product of trehalase action on oligosaccharides is

      Your Answer: Two glucose molecules

      Explanation:

      Disaccharides are glycoside hydrolases, enzymes that break down certain types of sugars called disaccharides into simpler sugars called monosaccharides.Examples of disaccharides:Lactase (breaks down lactose into glucose and galactose)Maltase (breaks down maltose into 2 glucoses)Sucrase (breaks down sucrose into glucose and fructose)Trehalase (breaks down trehalose into 2 glucoses)

    • This question is part of the following fields:

      • Gastrointestinal
      • Medicine
      22.3
      Seconds

  • Question 11 - Concerning protein digestion: ...

    Correct

    • Concerning protein digestion:

      Your Answer: Most protein digestion occurs in the duodenum

      Explanation:

      Human pepsinogens can be divided into two immunochemically distinct groups: Pepsinogen I (PG I) and Pepsinogen II (PGII). PG I is secreted mainly by chief cells in the fundic mucosa whereas PGII is secreted by the pyloric glands and the proximal duodenal mucosa. Maximal acid secretion correlates with PG I. Most protein digestion occurs in the duodenum/jejunum. Pepsin functions best in an acidic environment and specifically at a pH of 1.5 to 3.

    • This question is part of the following fields:

      • Gastrointestinal
      • Medicine
      47.5
      Seconds

  • Question 12 - Which of the following would provide relief from nausea and vomiting? ...

    Incorrect

    • Which of the following would provide relief from nausea and vomiting?

      Your Answer: Bromocriptine

      Correct Answer: Cannabinoids

      Explanation:

      Ondansetron, chlorpromazine and haloperidol are effective antiemetic agents. Corticosteroids, cannabinoids, and benzodiazepines, alone or in combination with 5-HT3 and D2 antagonists, are also useful in the treatment of vomiting produced by chemotherapy.

    • This question is part of the following fields:

      • Gastrointestinal
      • Medicine
      30.8
      Seconds

  • Question 13 - Emulsification of dietary lipids is brought about by ...

    Correct

    • Emulsification of dietary lipids is brought about by

      Your Answer: Bile salts

      Explanation:

      Digestion of fats can begin in the mouth where lingual lipase breaks down some short chain lipids into diglycerides. However fats are mainly digested in the small intestine. The presence of fat in the small intestine produces hormones that stimulate the release of pancreatic lipase from the pancreas and bile from the liver which helps in the emulsification of fats for absorption of fatty acids.

    • This question is part of the following fields:

      • Gastrointestinal
      • Medicine
      8.2
      Seconds

  • Question 14 - Which of the following is true with regard to the acini? ...

    Incorrect

    • Which of the following is true with regard to the acini?

      Your Answer: None of the above

      Correct Answer: The central zone (Zone III) is the least oxygenated

      Explanation:

      The acini are divided into zone I (periportal), zone II (transition zone), and zone III (pericentral). Cells located close to the portal triad or peripheral zone which consist of an arteriole from the hepatic artery are the most oxygenated cells. Cells in the central zone (III) are least oxygenated and mainly receive blood supply from the central vein which is a branch of hepatic vein.

    • This question is part of the following fields:

      • Gastrointestinal
      • Medicine
      51
      Seconds

  • Question 15 - Cholecystokinin causes the pancreas to ...

    Incorrect

    • Cholecystokinin causes the pancreas to

      Your Answer: Stop producing pancreatic juice

      Correct Answer: Produce pancreatic juice rich in enzymes

      Explanation:

      Cholecystokinin (CCK) mediates digestion in the small intestine by inhibiting gastric emptying and decreasing gastric acid secretion. It stimulates the acinar cells of the pancreas to release a juice rich in pancreatic digestive enzymes, hence the old name pancreozymin. Together these enzymes catalyse the digestion of fat, protein, and carbohydrates.

    • This question is part of the following fields:

      • Gastrointestinal
      • Medicine
      11
      Seconds

  • Question 16 - The parietal cells of the stomach secrete which of the following? ...

    Correct

    • The parietal cells of the stomach secrete which of the following?

      Your Answer: Hydrochloric acid

      Explanation:

      Parietal cells are the epithelial cells that secrete hydrochloric acid (HCl) and intrinsic factor. These cells are located in the gastric glands found in the lining of the fundus and in the body of the stomach.

    • This question is part of the following fields:

      • Gastrointestinal
      • Medicine
      12.1
      Seconds

  • Question 17 - What percentage of blood to the liver is supplied by hepatic artery? ...

    Incorrect

    • What percentage of blood to the liver is supplied by hepatic artery?

      Your Answer: Depends on the demand of the liver

      Correct Answer: 25%

      Explanation:

      The liver receives a dual blood supply from the hepatic portal vein and hepatic arteries. The hepatic portal vein delivers approximately 75% of the liver’s blood supply, and carries venous blood drained from the spleen, gastrointestinal tract, and its associated organs. The hepatic arteries supply arterial blood to the liver, accounting for the remaining quarter of its blood flow.

    • This question is part of the following fields:

      • Gastrointestinal
      • Medicine
      18.1
      Seconds

  • Question 18 - The transport of the di- and tri-peptides into enterocytes is by: ...

    Incorrect

    • The transport of the di- and tri-peptides into enterocytes is by:

      Your Answer: Na+ dependent peptide transporter 2

      Correct Answer: H+ dependent peptide transporter 1

      Explanation:

      Peptides longer that four amino acids are not absorbed. There is abundant absorption of di and tri peptidases in the small intestine. They are absorbed into the epithelial cell of the small intestine via a transporter called Peptide Transporter 1 by co transport with H+ ions.

    • This question is part of the following fields:

      • Gastrointestinal
      • Medicine
      8
      Seconds

  • Question 19 - In the gastric mucosa, which of the following cells is known to secrete...

    Incorrect

    • In the gastric mucosa, which of the following cells is known to secrete gastric lipase?

      Your Answer: Enterochromaffin-like cell

      Correct Answer: Chief cell

      Explanation:

      Chief cells produce pepsinogen and gastric lipase. Parietal cells produce stomach acid and intrinsic factor.

    • This question is part of the following fields:

      • Gastrointestinal
      • Medicine
      23.3
      Seconds

  • Question 20 - Which of the following statements correctly describes a function of the parasympathetic innervation...

    Incorrect

    • Which of the following statements correctly describes a function of the parasympathetic innervation of the GI tract.

      Your Answer: Glucose, ph, osmolality, movement of material, stretch and level of contractile strength are monitored by efferent parasympathetic fibers.

      Correct Answer: Parasympathetic cholinergic activity increases the activity of intestinal smooth muscle

      Explanation:

      The parasympathetic nerves stimulate peristalsis and relax the sphincters; they also stimulate secretion. Acetylcholine is the neurotransmitter of the parasympathetic system.

    • This question is part of the following fields:

      • Gastrointestinal
      • Medicine
      10.5
      Seconds

  • Question 21 - Intrinsic Factor is released by, ...

    Correct

    • Intrinsic Factor is released by,

      Your Answer: Parietal cell

      Explanation:

      Intrinsic factor (IF), also known as gastric intrinsic factor (GIF), is a glycoprotein produced by the parietal cells of the stomach. It is necessary for the absorption of vitamin B12 (cobalamin) later on in the small intestine.

    • This question is part of the following fields:

      • Gastrointestinal
      • Medicine
      26.3
      Seconds

  • Question 22 - At rest, proton pumps are sequestered within the parietal cell in a series...

    Incorrect

    • At rest, proton pumps are sequestered within the parietal cell in a series of membrane compartments known as:

      Your Answer: Microvilli

      Correct Answer: Tubulovesicles

      Explanation:

      The gastric H, K-ATPase pump, which pumps gastric acid (HCl), in the resting state is found in cytoplasmic tubular membranes. In the stimulated state this pump moves from the tubulovesicles to the apical membrane.

    • This question is part of the following fields:

      • Gastrointestinal
      • Medicine
      10.5
      Seconds

  • Question 23 - The haustral pattern seen in the normal colon is produced by ...

    Incorrect

    • The haustral pattern seen in the normal colon is produced by

      Your Answer: Plica circularis

      Correct Answer: Taenia coli

      Explanation:

      The haustra (singular haustrum) of the colon are the small pouches caused by sacculation (sac formation), which give the colon its segmented appearance. The teniae coli run the length of the large intestine. Because the taeniae coli are shorter than the intestine, the colon becomes sacculated between the taeniae coli, forming the haustra.

    • This question is part of the following fields:

      • Gastrointestinal
      • Medicine
      15.8
      Seconds

  • Question 24 - Acetylcholine from enteric nerve endings stimulates this pair: ...

    Incorrect

    • Acetylcholine from enteric nerve endings stimulates this pair:

      Your Answer: Mucus neck cells and chief cells

      Correct Answer: Parietal cells and chief cells

      Explanation:

      In the body of the stomach, the vagal postganglionic muscarinic nerves release acetylcholine(ACh) which stimulates parietal cell H+ secretion. Gastric chief cells are primarily activated by ACh. However the decrease in pH caused by activation of parietal cells further activates gastric chief cells.

    • This question is part of the following fields:

      • Gastrointestinal
      • Medicine
      12.6
      Seconds

  • Question 25 - Which of the following is NOT a component of bile? ...

    Incorrect

    • Which of the following is NOT a component of bile?

      Your Answer: Cholesterol

      Correct Answer: Unconjugated bilirubin

      Explanation:

      The composition of gallbladder bile is 97% water, 0.7% bile salts, 0.2% bilirubin, 0.51% fats (cholesterol, fatty acids and lecithin), and 200 meq/l inorganic salts (electrolytes).

    • This question is part of the following fields:

      • Gastrointestinal
      • Medicine
      9.4
      Seconds

  • Question 26 - The pressure in the portal circulation is normally adjusted in the: ...

    Incorrect

    • The pressure in the portal circulation is normally adjusted in the:

      Your Answer: Portal veins

      Correct Answer: Sinusoids

      Explanation:

      The pressure in the portal circulation depends on the pressure of the hepatic sinusoids mainly because the direction of transport of nutrients in the portal vein occurs from the portal vein to the hepatic sinusoids.

    • This question is part of the following fields:

      • Gastrointestinal
      • Medicine
      14.1
      Seconds

  • Question 27 - Almost all of the protein that appears in the stool is: ...

    Incorrect

    • Almost all of the protein that appears in the stool is:

      Your Answer: Of dietary origin

      Correct Answer: Comes from bacteria and cellular debris

      Explanation:

      75% of faecal weight is water. By dry weight 30% of faeces is bacteria,10-20% is fat and 2-3% proteins. Almost all proteins ingested are absorbed in the gut.

    • This question is part of the following fields:

      • Gastrointestinal
      • Medicine
      8.5
      Seconds

  • Question 28 - Which of the following is not secreted by cells in the antrum of...

    Incorrect

    • Which of the following is not secreted by cells in the antrum of the stomach?

      Your Answer: Pepsinogen

      Correct Answer: Hydrochloric acid

      Explanation:

      Cells in the body of the stomach secrete mucus, HCl and pepsinogen. Cells in the antrum secrete pepsinogen, gastrin and mucus.

    • This question is part of the following fields:

      • Gastrointestinal
      • Medicine
      28.8
      Seconds

  • Question 29 - What is the function of migrating motor complex ...

    Correct

    • What is the function of migrating motor complex

      Your Answer: Clears the gut of luminal contents in preparation of the next meal

      Explanation:

      Migrating motor complexes (MMC) are waves of electrical activity that sweep through the intestines in a regular cycle during fasting. These motor complexes trigger peristaltic waves, which facilitate transportation of indigestible substances such as bone, fiber, and foreign bodies from the stomach, through the small intestine, past the ileocecal sphincter, and into the colon. The MMC occurs every 90–120 minutes during the interdigestive phase (between meals), and is responsible for the rumbling experienced when hungry. It also serves to transport bacteria from the small intestine to the large intestine, and to inhibit the migration of colonic bacteria into the terminal ileum.

    • This question is part of the following fields:

      • Gastrointestinal
      • Medicine
      5.9
      Seconds

  • Question 30 - The sympathetic supply to the stomach comes from the: ...

    Incorrect

    • The sympathetic supply to the stomach comes from the:

      Your Answer: Mesenteric plexus

      Correct Answer: Celiac plexus

      Explanation:

      The vagus nerve supplies the stomach and up to proximal two-thirds of the large intestine and has parasympathetic stimulation. The sympathetic chain which begins at the level of he 1st thoracic vertebra and extends up to 3rd lumbar vertebra gives off the celiac plexus which mainly supplies the stomach. The mesenteric plexus mainly supplies the small intestine and is located below the celiac plexus in the sympathetic chain.

    • This question is part of the following fields:

      • Gastrointestinal
      • Medicine
      43.5
      Seconds

  • Question 31 - Interruption of the entero-hepatic circulation causes: ...

    Incorrect

    • Interruption of the entero-hepatic circulation causes:

      Your Answer:

      Correct Answer: The amount of fat in the stool to be increased

      Explanation:

      Enterohepatic circulation refers to the circulation of biliary acids, bilirubin, drugs, or other substances from the liver to the bile, followed by entry into the small intestine, absorption by the enterocyte and transport back to the liver. One of the causes of the interruption of enterohepatic circulation is the resection of the ileum where fat is mainly absorbed. Fat malabsorption results in increased fat in stools. Pale stools and dark urine is caused by obstruction of the biliary ductal system especially the common bile duct where urobilin and stercobilin are formed.

    • This question is part of the following fields:

      • Gastrointestinal
      • Medicine
      0
      Seconds

  • Question 32 - Colipase is secreted in an inactive form. Its activation in the intestinal lumen...

    Incorrect

    • Colipase is secreted in an inactive form. Its activation in the intestinal lumen is by

      Your Answer:

      Correct Answer: Trypsin

      Explanation:

      The enzyme trypsin exists in pancreatic juice in the inactive form trypsinogen, it is activated by the intestinal enterokinase in intestinal juice. Trypsin can then activate other protease enzymes and catalyse the reaction pro-colipase → colipase. Colipase is necessary, along with bile salts, to enable lipase function.

    • This question is part of the following fields:

      • Gastrointestinal
      • Medicine
      0
      Seconds

  • Question 33 - Which inhibitor of gastric enzyme secretion is released by the presence of fat...

    Incorrect

    • Which inhibitor of gastric enzyme secretion is released by the presence of fat in the jejunum?

      Your Answer:

      Correct Answer: Peptide yy

      Explanation:

      Peptide yy is secreted from the jejunum due to the presence of fat. It inhibits gastric acid secretion and motility.

    • This question is part of the following fields:

      • Gastrointestinal
      • Medicine
      0
      Seconds

  • Question 34 - Which enzyme facilitates the function of pancreatic lipase by increasing exposure of its...

    Incorrect

    • Which enzyme facilitates the function of pancreatic lipase by increasing exposure of its active site?

      Your Answer:

      Correct Answer: Colipase

      Explanation:

      Colipase is a co enzyme that optimize the activity of lipase by facilitating the exposure of its active sites.

    • This question is part of the following fields:

      • Gastrointestinal
      • Medicine
      0
      Seconds

  • Question 35 - Cholinergic neurons that pass into a retrograde direction activate neurons that release: ...

    Incorrect

    • Cholinergic neurons that pass into a retrograde direction activate neurons that release:

      Your Answer:

      Correct Answer: Substance P and acetyl choline

      Explanation:

      Serotonin activates sensory neurons that activate the myenteric plexus. Cholinergic neurons passing in a retrograde direction in the myenteric plexus activate neurons that release substance P and acetylcholine, causing smooth muscle contraction.

    • This question is part of the following fields:

      • Gastrointestinal
      • Medicine
      0
      Seconds

  • Question 36 - The following are synthesized in the liver EXCEPT? ...

    Incorrect

    • The following are synthesized in the liver EXCEPT?

      Your Answer:

      Correct Answer: Cholecystokinin

      Explanation:

      The liver is responsible for the mainstay of protein metabolism, synthesis as well as degradation. It is also responsible for a large part of amino acid synthesis. The liver plays a role in the production of clotting factors as well as red blood cell production. Some of the proteins synthesized by the liver include coagulation factors I (fibrinogen), II (prothrombin), V, VII, VIII, IX, X, XI, XIII, as well as protein C, protein S and antithrombin. The liver is a major site of production for thrombopoietin, a glycoprotein hormone that regulates the production of platelets by the bone marrow. The liver also produces albumin, the most abundant protein in blood serum and angiotensinogen. Cholecystokinin, previously called pancreozymin, is synthesized and secreted by enteroendocrine cells in the duodenum

    • This question is part of the following fields:

      • Gastrointestinal
      • Medicine
      0
      Seconds

  • Question 37 - Majority of gastrinomas are found in the: ...

    Incorrect

    • Majority of gastrinomas are found in the:

      Your Answer:

      Correct Answer: Duodenum

      Explanation:

      A gastrinoma is a tumour in the pancreas or duodenum that secretes excess of gastrin leading to ulceration in the duodenum, stomach and the small intestine. It is usually found in the duodenum, although it may arise in the stomach or pancreas. Those occurring in the pancreas have a greater potential for malignancy. Most gastrinomas are found in the gastrinoma triangle; this is bound by the junction of cystic and common bile ducts, junction of the second and third parts of the duodenum, and the junction of the neck and body of the pancreas.

    • This question is part of the following fields:

      • Gastrointestinal
      • Medicine
      0
      Seconds

  • Question 38 - Pepsinogens are inactive pepsin precursors which are activated by ...

    Incorrect

    • Pepsinogens are inactive pepsin precursors which are activated by

      Your Answer:

      Correct Answer: Gastric acid

      Explanation:

      Pepsinogen is converted to pepsin by the action of hydrochloric acid i.e. gastric acid

    • This question is part of the following fields:

      • Gastrointestinal
      • Medicine
      0
      Seconds

  • Question 39 - Glucose absorption in the small intestine is coupled with which of the following...

    Incorrect

    • Glucose absorption in the small intestine is coupled with which of the following electrolytes?

      Your Answer:

      Correct Answer: Na

      Explanation:

      Sodium-glucose linked transporter are family of proteins of different types. SGLT1 transporter is found in the intestinal mucosa of the small intestine and absorbs glucose via cotransport of Na+ ions.

    • This question is part of the following fields:

      • Gastrointestinal
      • Medicine
      0
      Seconds

  • Question 40 - Which substance is produced by anterograde neurons? ...

    Incorrect

    • Which substance is produced by anterograde neurons?

      Your Answer:

      Correct Answer: Nitric oxide

      Explanation:

      Nitric oxide is thought to act as an anterograde neurotransmitter. Classically in the peripheral nervous system, it diffuses from a presynaptic nerve ending to the post synaptic effecter cell which is mainly smooth muscle cells in the gastrointestinal, respiratory and urogenital tracts.

    • This question is part of the following fields:

      • Gastrointestinal
      • Medicine
      0
      Seconds

SESSION STATS - PERFORMANCE PER SPECIALTY

Gastrointestinal (13/30) 43%
Medicine (13/30) 43%
Passmed
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