00
Correct
00
Incorrect
00 : 00 : 00
Session Time
00 : 00
Average Question Time ( Secs)
Retry this test Dashboard

  • Question 1 - A man was stabbed in the thigh following a bar brawl. A superficial...

    Correct

    • A man was stabbed in the thigh following a bar brawl. A superficial vein was injured which terminates in the femoral vein. This superficial vein is?

      Your Answer: Great saphenous

      Explanation:

      The great saphenous vein is considered the longest vein in the body. It terminates in the femoral vein nearly 3cm below the inguinal ligament. It begins at the dorsum of the foot in the medial marginal vein and ascends at the medial side of the leg in relation with the saphenous nerve.

    • This question is part of the following fields:

      • Anatomy
      • Lower Limb
      24.2
      Seconds

  • Question 2 - Elevated mean corpuscular volume with hypersegmented neutrophils and low reticulocyte index is seen...

    Incorrect

    • Elevated mean corpuscular volume with hypersegmented neutrophils and low reticulocyte index is seen in on the blood count of a middle-aged lady about to undergo elective surgery. On enquiry, she mentions feeling tired for a few months. Which of the following investigations should be carried out in her to reach a diagnosis?

      Your Answer: Serum ferritin

      Correct Answer: Serum vitamin B12 and folate

      Explanation:

      Elevated levels of MCV indicates megaloblastic anaemia, which are associated with hypersegmented neutrophils. Likely causes include vitamin B12 or folate deficiency. Megaloblastic anaemia results from defective synthesis of DNA. As RNA production continues, the cells enlarge with a large nucleus. The cytoplasmic maturity becomes greater than nuclear maturity. Megaloblasts are produced initially in the marrow, before blood. Dyspoiesis makes erythropoiesis ineffective, causing direct hyperbilirubinemia and hyperuricemia. As all cell lines are affected, reticulocytopenia, thrombocytopenia and leukopenia develop. Large, oval blood cells (macro-ovalocytes) are released in the circulation, along with presence of hypersegmented neutrophils.

    • This question is part of the following fields:

      • Haematology
      • Pathology
      39.4
      Seconds

  • Question 3 - The dural venous sinuses are venous channels that drain blood from the brain....

    Correct

    • The dural venous sinuses are venous channels that drain blood from the brain. This sinuses are located between which structures?

      Your Answer: Meningeal and periosteal layers of the dura mater

      Explanation:

      The dural venous sinuses lies between the periosteal and meningeal layer of the dura mater. Dural venous sinuses is unique because it does not run parallel with arteries and allows bidirectional flow of blood intracranially as it is valve-less.

    • This question is part of the following fields:

      • Anatomy
      • Head & Neck
      14.2
      Seconds

  • Question 4 - What best describes the muscles of the posterior compartment of the leg? ...

    Incorrect

    • What best describes the muscles of the posterior compartment of the leg?

      Your Answer: All pass deep to the extensor retinaculum

      Correct Answer: One of the posterior compartment leg muscles laterally rotates the femur

      Explanation:

      The muscles of the back of the leg are subdivided into two groups: superficial and deep. Superficial muscles include gastrocnemius, soleus and plantaris and are the chief extensors of the foot at the ankle joint. Deep muscles include the tibialis posterior, flexor hallucis longus, flexor digitorum longus and popliteus

    • This question is part of the following fields:

      • Anatomy
      • Lower Limb
      27.8
      Seconds

  • Question 5 - A 25-year-old woman complains of generalised swelling and particularly puffiness around the eyes...

    Correct

    • A 25-year-old woman complains of generalised swelling and particularly puffiness around the eyes which is worst in the morning. Laboratory studies showed:

      Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) = 30 mg/dl

      Creatinine = 2. 8 mg/dl

      Albumin = 2. 0 mg/dl

      Alanine transaminase (ALT) = 25 U/l

      Bilirubin = 1 mg/dl

      Urine analysis shows 3+ albumin and no cells.

      Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?

      Your Answer: Nephrotic syndrome

      Explanation:

      Nephrotic syndrome is a disorder in which the glomeruli have been damaged, characterized by:

      – Proteinuria (>3.5 g per 1.73 m2 body surface area per day, or > 40 mg per square meter body surface area per hour in children)

      – Hypoalbuminemia (< 2,5 g/dl) – Hyperlipidaemia, and oedema (generalized anasarca).

    • This question is part of the following fields:

      • Physiology
      • Renal
      23.4
      Seconds

  • Question 6 - The transverse colon has two curvatures known as the colic flexures on each...

    Correct

    • The transverse colon has two curvatures known as the colic flexures on each side of its lateral ends, the right and left. The left colic flexure found on the side of the descending colon is attached to an organ superiorly by a mesenteric ligament. Which organ is this?

      Your Answer: Spleen

      Explanation:

      The left colic flexure is the bend of the transverse colon as it continues to form the descending colon on the left upper quadrant. The spleen is located on the superior aspect of the left colic flexure. It is commonly referred to as the splenic flexure because of its relation o the spleen superiorly.

    • This question is part of the following fields:

      • Abdomen
      • Anatomy
      26.9
      Seconds

  • Question 7 - Whilst snorkelling, a 30-year old gentleman has the respiratory rate of 10/min, tidal...

    Correct

    • Whilst snorkelling, a 30-year old gentleman has the respiratory rate of 10/min, tidal volume of 550 ml and an effective anatomical dead space of 250 ml. What is his alveolar ventilation?

      Your Answer: 3000 ml/min

      Explanation:

      Alveolar ventilation is the amount of air reaching the alveoli per minute. Alveolar ventilation = respiratory rate × (tidal volume – anatomical dead space volume). Thus, alveolar ventilation = 10 × (550 − 250) = 3000 ml/min.

    • This question is part of the following fields:

      • Physiology
      • Respiratory
      27.7
      Seconds

  • Question 8 - A sudden loud sound is more likely to result in cochlear damage than...

    Correct

    • A sudden loud sound is more likely to result in cochlear damage than a slowly developing loud sound. This is because:

      Your Answer: There is a latent period before the attenuation reflex can occur

      Explanation:

      On transmission of a loud sound into the central nervous system, an attenuation reflex occurs after a latent period of 40-80 ms. This reflex contracts the two muscles that pull malleus and stapes closer, developing a high degree of rigidity in the entire ossicular chain. This reduces the ossicular conduction of low frequency sounds to the cochlea by 30-40 decibels. In this way, the cochlea is protected from damage due to loud sounds (these are low frequency sounds) when they develop slowly.

    • This question is part of the following fields:

      • Neurology
      • Physiology
      38.7
      Seconds

  • Question 9 - A 55 year old man presented with a 4 day history of cough...

    Correct

    • A 55 year old man presented with a 4 day history of cough and fever. His sputum culture showed the presence of Strep pneumoniae. Which of the following substances produced by the inflammatory cells will result in effective clearance of this organism from the lung parenchyma?

      Your Answer: Hydrogen peroxide

      Explanation:

      Hydrogen peroxide is produced by myeloperoxidase to form a potent oxidant that eliminates bacteria, but is not effective in chronic granulomatous diseases.

      Platelet activating factor will lead to the activation, adhesion and aggregation of platelets but will not directly kill bacteria.

      Prostaglandins cause vasodilation but do not activate neutrophils.

      Kallikrein promotes formation of bradykinin that leads to vasodilation.

      Leukreines increase vascular permeability.

      Cytokines are communicating molecules between immune cells but directly will not kill bacteria.

      Interleukins will regulate the immune response.

    • This question is part of the following fields:

      • Inflammation & Immunology; Respiratory
      • Pathology
      51.8
      Seconds

  • Question 10 - The stomach is an organ that is divided into several important anatomical parts....

    Correct

    • The stomach is an organ that is divided into several important anatomical parts. These parts of the stomach have varied arterial blood supply that ensure that the whole organ receive oxygenated blood. Which of the following arteries if ligated, will not render any portion of the stomach ischaemic?

      Your Answer: Superior mesenteric

      Explanation:

      The blood supply to the stomach is through the following arteries:

      – The superior mesenteric artery supplies blood to the lower part of the duodenum, pancreas and two-thirds of the transverse colon. Thus ligation of the superior mesenteric artery would not affect the stomach.

      – The right and the left gastroepiploic arteries supply the greater curvature of the stomach – along its edges.

      – The short gastric artery supplies blood to the upper portion of the of the greater curvature and the fundus of the stomach.

      – The gastroduodenal artery supplies blood to the distal part of the stomach (the pyloric sphincter) and the proximal end of the duodenum.

      – The left gastroepiploic and the short gastric are branches of the splenic artery and therefore ligation of the splenic artery would directly affect the stomach.

    • This question is part of the following fields:

      • Abdomen
      • Anatomy
      51.2
      Seconds

SESSION STATS - PERFORMANCE PER SPECIALTY

Anatomy (4/5) 80%
Lower Limb (1/2) 50%
Haematology (0/1) 0%
Pathology (1/2) 50%
Head & Neck (1/1) 100%
Physiology (3/3) 100%
Renal (1/1) 100%
Abdomen (2/2) 100%
Respiratory (1/1) 100%
Neurology (1/1) 100%
Inflammation & Immunology; Respiratory (1/1) 100%
Passmed
Retry this test Dashboard