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  • Question 1 - Gastrocnemius, semimembranosus and semitendinosus together with which other muscle form the boundaries of...

    Incorrect

    • Gastrocnemius, semimembranosus and semitendinosus together with which other muscle form the boundaries of the popliteal fossa?

      Your Answer: Adductor magnus

      Correct Answer: Biceps femoris

      Explanation:

      The popliteal fossa is located at the back of the knee. It is bounded laterally by the biceps femoris above and the plantaris and lateral head of the gastrocnemius below and medially by the semitendinosus and semimembranosus above and by the medial head of the gastrocnemius below.

    • This question is part of the following fields:

      • Anatomy
      • Lower Limb
      20.8
      Seconds

  • Question 2 - Muscles and tendons in the planter region of the foot mainly take blood...

    Correct

    • Muscles and tendons in the planter region of the foot mainly take blood supply from:

      Your Answer: Posterior tibial artery

      Explanation:

      The posterior tibial artery is the main source of blood supply to the posterior compartment of the leg.

    • This question is part of the following fields:

      • Anatomy
      • Lower Limb
      24.6
      Seconds

  • Question 3 - Choose the most correct answer regarding the common peroneal nerve. ...

    Correct

    • Choose the most correct answer regarding the common peroneal nerve.

      Your Answer: It gives rise to the nerve that supplies the anterior compartment leg muscles

      Explanation:

      The common peroneal nerve divides beneath the peroneus longus muscle and gives off articular and lateral sural cutaneous nerves which supply muscular branches to the muscles of the anterior compartment of the leg which are the tibialis anterior, extensor digitorum, peroneus tertius and extensor hallucis longus.

    • This question is part of the following fields:

      • Anatomy
      • Lower Limb
      35.1
      Seconds

  • Question 4 - A patients sciatic nerve has been severed following a stab injury. What would...

    Correct

    • A patients sciatic nerve has been severed following a stab injury. What would be affected?

      Your Answer: There would still be cutaneous sensation over the anteromedial surface of the thigh

      Explanation:

      The sciatic nerve supplies nearly all of the sensation of the skin of the leg and the muscles of the back of the thigh, leg and foot. A transection of the sciatic nerve at its exit from the pelvis will affect all the above-mentioned functions except cutaneous sensation over the anteromedial surface of the thigh, which comes from the femoral nerve.

    • This question is part of the following fields:

      • Anatomy
      • Lower Limb
      29.9
      Seconds

  • Question 5 - When exposing the right saphenofemoral junction for flush-ligation of the saphenous vein, which...

    Incorrect

    • When exposing the right saphenofemoral junction for flush-ligation of the saphenous vein, which of the following is the most likely to be seen passing through this opening?

      Your Answer: Saphenous nerve

      Correct Answer: Superficial external pudendal artery

      Explanation:

      The saphenous opening is an oval opening in the fascia lata. It is covered by the cribriform fascia and It is so called because it is perforated by the great saphenous vein and by numerous blood and lymphatic vessels and the superficial external pudendal artery pierces it.

    • This question is part of the following fields:

      • Anatomy
      • Lower Limb
      63
      Seconds

  • Question 6 - What is the nerve supply to the muscles of the lateral compartment of...

    Correct

    • What is the nerve supply to the muscles of the lateral compartment of the leg ?

      Your Answer: Superficial peroneal nerve

      Explanation:

      The peroneus longus and peroneus brevis in the lateral compartment of the leg take nerve supply from the superficial peroneal nerve.

    • This question is part of the following fields:

      • Anatomy
      • Lower Limb
      16.4
      Seconds

  • Question 7 - Which is the correct superficial to deep order of structures that would be...

    Incorrect

    • Which is the correct superficial to deep order of structures that would be affected following a knife wound to the lateral aspect of the knee?

      Your Answer: Skin, popliteus tendon, fibular collateral ligament, lateral meniscus

      Correct Answer: skin, fibular collateral ligament, popliteus muscle tendon, lateral meniscus

      Explanation:

      Skin, fibular collateral ligament, popliteus muscle tendon and lateral meniscus is the correct order of structures covering the lateral aspect of the knee joint from a superficial to deep.

    • This question is part of the following fields:

      • Anatomy
      • Lower Limb
      82.1
      Seconds

  • Question 8 - An old woman complains of a lack of sensation halfway down the anterior...

    Incorrect

    • An old woman complains of a lack of sensation halfway down the anterior surface of the thigh. The cause of this:

      Your Answer: Could be the result of nerve damage during surgical procedures in the femoral sheath

      Correct Answer: Would result from damage to the nerve that innervates the pectineus muscle

      Explanation:

      The pectineus is supplied by the second, third and fourth lumbar nerves through the femoral nerve and by the third lumbar through the accessory obturator when it exists. The anterior surface of the thigh receives its innervation from the femoral nerve as well, thus this is the nerve most likely to be injured

    • This question is part of the following fields:

      • Anatomy
      • Lower Limb
      48.4
      Seconds

  • Question 9 - What is the linea aspera: ...

    Correct

    • What is the linea aspera:

      Your Answer: Serves as an attachment for adductors of the thigh

      Explanation:

      The linea aspera is a prominent longitudinal ridge or crest on the middle third of the femur. It has a medial and a lateral lip and a narrow, rough, intermediate line. The vastus medialis arises from the medial lip of the linea aspera and has superior and inferior prolongations. The vastus lateralis takes origin from the lateral lip . The adductor magnus is inserted into the linea aspera. Two muscles are attached between the vastus lateralis and the adductor magnus: the gluteus maximus is inserted above and the short head of the biceps femoris arises below. Four muscles are inserted between the adductor magnus and the vastus medialis: the iliacus and pectineus superiorly, and the adductor brevis and adductor longus inferiorly.

    • This question is part of the following fields:

      • Anatomy
      • Lower Limb
      75
      Seconds

  • Question 10 - A 40 year old patient with an history of obesity has been diagnosed...

    Correct

    • A 40 year old patient with an history of obesity has been diagnosed with meralgia parasthetica. The condition was discovered to be caused by the pinching of the lateral femoral cutaneous nerve. Injuries at what spinal levels usually affect this nerve?

      Your Answer: L2, L3

      Explanation:

      The lateral femoral cutaneous nerve of the thigh arises from the dorsal division of the lumbar plexus of the second and the third lumbar nerves (L2 – L3). Spinal injuries at this level are likely to affect the lateral femoral cutaneous nerve. The lateral femoral cutaneous nerve innervates the skin on the lateral aspect of the thigh.

    • This question is part of the following fields:

      • Anatomy
      • Lower Limb
      43.5
      Seconds

  • Question 11 - A 40-year old man sustained a deep laceration to the sole of his...

    Incorrect

    • A 40-year old man sustained a deep laceration to the sole of his left foot. It was found that the belly of extensor digitorum muscle was lacerated and the lateral tarsal artery was severed. The lateral tarsal artery is a branch of the:

      Your Answer: Posterior tibial artery

      Correct Answer: Dorsalis pedis artery

      Explanation:

      The lateral tarsal artery arises from the dorsalis pedis, as the vessel crosses the navicular bone

    • This question is part of the following fields:

      • Anatomy
      • Lower Limb
      53.6
      Seconds

  • Question 12 - A patient who complained of pain on the lower left side of the...

    Incorrect

    • A patient who complained of pain on the lower left side of the back had an x-ray done which confirmed a hernia passing posterolaterally, just superior to the iliac crest. Where is this hernia passing through?

      Your Answer: Inguinal triangle

      Correct Answer: Lumbar triangle

      Explanation:

      The lumber triangle is bound medially by the border of the latissimus dorsi, laterally by the external abdominal oblique and by the iliac crest inferiorly. This is exactly where the hernia that is described is located.

    • This question is part of the following fields:

      • Anatomy
      • Lower Limb
      49.1
      Seconds

  • Question 13 - One of the following structures is contained in the anterior compartment of the...

    Incorrect

    • One of the following structures is contained in the anterior compartment of the lower leg. Which is it?

      Your Answer: Superficial peroneal nerve

      Correct Answer: Extensor hallucis muscle

      Explanation:

      The lower leg is made up of four fascial compartments separated from one another by septa that contain the muscles of the lower leg. The four compartments are ; anterior, lateral, deep posterior and superficial posterior compartments.

      These are the compartments and there contents:

      i) Anterior compartment: Tibialis anterior muscle, extensor hallucis longus muscle, extensor digitorum longus muscle, peroneus tertius muscles, deep fibular nerve and anterior tibial blood vessels

      ii) Lateral compartment: Fibularis longus muscle, brevis muscles and superficial fibular nerve

      iii) Deep posterior compartment: Tibialis posterior m., flexor hallucis longus m., flexor digitorum longus m. ,popliteus m. , tibial nerve, posterior tibial artery and posterior tibial vessels such as the fibular artery.

      iv) Superficial posterior compartment: Gastrocnemius m., soleus m., plantaris m., medial sural cutaneous nerve

    • This question is part of the following fields:

      • Anatomy
      • Lower Limb
      14.7
      Seconds

  • Question 14 - Following a fracture in the fibula, an artery contained in a fibrous canal...

    Incorrect

    • Following a fracture in the fibula, an artery contained in a fibrous canal between tibialis posterior and flexor hallucis longus was lacerated. Which of the following arteries was injured?

      Your Answer: Anterior tibial

      Correct Answer: Peroneal

      Explanation:

      The peroneal artery is deeply seated at the back of the fibular side of the leg, contained in a fibrous canal between the tibialis posterior and the flexor hallucis longus.

    • This question is part of the following fields:

      • Anatomy
      • Lower Limb
      53.5
      Seconds

  • Question 15 - In the case of an injury to the sub sartorial canal, which of...

    Incorrect

    • In the case of an injury to the sub sartorial canal, which of the following structures is most likely to be injured?

      Your Answer: Great saphenous vein

      Correct Answer: Nerve to vastus medialis

      Explanation:

      The adductor canal (sub sartorial canal) is situated in the middle third of the thigh.

    • This question is part of the following fields:

      • Anatomy
      • Lower Limb
      39
      Seconds

  • Question 16 - A 25 year old male patient who had sustained a stab wound in...

    Incorrect

    • A 25 year old male patient who had sustained a stab wound in the middle of the posterior aspect of the left thigh, was discharged from hospital after dressing and antibiotic prophylaxis. Later on the patient developed bleeding through the wound and upon review, the source was discovered to be an artery that is the direct source of the medial and lateral circumflex arteries. Which is this artery that was injured?

      Your Answer: Popliteal artery

      Correct Answer: Profunda femoris artery

      Explanation:

      The medial and lateral circumflex arteries are direct branches of the Profunda femoris artery otherwise also known as the deep artery of the thigh. The Profunda femoris artery arises from the femoral artery just below the inguinal ligament (approximately 2-5cm below it).

      The following are the branches of the deep artery of the thigh:

      Lateral circumflex femoral artery

      Medial circumflex femoral artery

      Perforating arteries

    • This question is part of the following fields:

      • Anatomy
      • Lower Limb
      50.3
      Seconds

  • Question 17 - The sciatic nerve does NOT supply which of the following muscles? ...

    Incorrect

    • The sciatic nerve does NOT supply which of the following muscles?

      Your Answer: Biceps femoris

      Correct Answer: Obturator externus

      Explanation:

      The sciatic nerve supplies both gemellae, quadratus femoris, semitendinosus, semimembranosus, both heads of the biceps femoris, the hamstring half of abductor magnus and obturator internus. Obturator externus is supplied by the obturator nerve.

    • This question is part of the following fields:

      • Anatomy
      • Lower Limb
      9.2
      Seconds

  • Question 18 - Which of the following bones was most likely fractured following an injury in...

    Incorrect

    • Which of the following bones was most likely fractured following an injury in the medial side of the foot between the navicular behind and base of the first metatarsal in front?

      Your Answer: Cuboid

      Correct Answer: First cuneiform

      Explanation:

      The first cuneiform bone is the largest of the three cuneiforms. It is situated at the medial side of the foot, between the navicular behind and the base of the first metatarsal in front.

    • This question is part of the following fields:

      • Anatomy
      • Lower Limb
      43.4
      Seconds

  • Question 19 - Which of these structures does NOT pass posterior to the medial malleolus? ...

    Correct

    • Which of these structures does NOT pass posterior to the medial malleolus?

      Your Answer: Saphenous vein

      Explanation:

      The saphenous vein passes anterior to the medial malleolus. The structures passing posterior, from nearest to furthest include: tibial, posterior tendon, flexor digitorum longus tendon, posterior tibial artery, posterior tibial vein, posterior tibial nerve and the flexor hallucis longus tendon.

    • This question is part of the following fields:

      • Anatomy
      • Lower Limb
      43.3
      Seconds

  • Question 20 - The deep planter artery is a branch of the: ...

    Correct

    • The deep planter artery is a branch of the:

      Your Answer: Dorsalis pedis artery

      Explanation:

      The deep plantar artery is a branch of the dorsalis pedis artery.

    • This question is part of the following fields:

      • Anatomy
      • Lower Limb
      5
      Seconds

  • Question 21 - the action of the semimembranosus muscle is: ...

    Correct

    • the action of the semimembranosus muscle is:

      Your Answer: Extension of the hip and flexion of the knee

      Explanation:

      the semimembranosus is situated at the back and medial side of the thigh. It arises from the upper and outer impression on the tuberosity of the ischium, above and lateral to the biceps femoris and semitendinosus. It is inserted mainly into the horizontal groove on the posterior medial aspect of the medial condyle of the tibia. it flexes the knee and assists in extension of the hip.

    • This question is part of the following fields:

      • Anatomy
      • Lower Limb
      20.2
      Seconds

  • Question 22 - An intern is attempting to put in an arterial line in an ICU...

    Incorrect

    • An intern is attempting to put in an arterial line in an ICU patients left foot. Which is the best site to feel for the pulsation of the dorsalis pedis artery in the foot?

      Your Answer: In the second dorsal metatarsal space

      Correct Answer: Just lateral to the tendon of extensor hallucis longus

      Explanation:

      The dorsalis pedis artery is the continuation of the anterior tibial artery. The pulse of the posterior tibial artery, which comes from the posterior compartment of the leg, may be felt behind the medial malleolus just lateral to the tendon of the extensor hallucis longus.

    • This question is part of the following fields:

      • Anatomy
      • Lower Limb
      32.9
      Seconds

  • Question 23 - Which of the following arteries branch from the deep femoral artery and course...

    Correct

    • Which of the following arteries branch from the deep femoral artery and course between the pectineus and iliopsoas muscles?

      Your Answer: Medial femoral circumflex

      Explanation:

      The medial femoral circumflex artery is an artery in the upper thigh that supplies blood to the head and neck of the femur. It arises from the deep femoral artery and winds around the medial side of the femur. It passes first between pectineus and psoas major, and then between obturator externus and adductor brevis.

    • This question is part of the following fields:

      • Anatomy
      • Lower Limb
      49.7
      Seconds

  • Question 24 - Regarding the posterior compartment of the leg, which is correct? ...

    Correct

    • Regarding the posterior compartment of the leg, which is correct?

      Your Answer: The muscles plantarflex the foot and are innervated by the tibial nerve

      Explanation:

      The muscles of the back of the leg are subdivided into two groups: superficial and deep. Superficial muscles include gastrocnemius, soleus and plantaris. Deep muscles include tibialis posterior, flexor hallucis longus, flexor digitorum longus and popliteus. The superficial ( calf muscles) which are responsible for plantarflexion of the foot are supplied by the tibial nerve as follows: the gastrocnemius and soleus muscles are supplied by the first and second sacral nerves and the plantaris by the fourth and fifth lumbar and first sacral nerve (the tibial nerve).

    • This question is part of the following fields:

      • Anatomy
      • Lower Limb
      29.7
      Seconds

  • Question 25 - Which best describes the sartorius muscle? ...

    Correct

    • Which best describes the sartorius muscle?

      Your Answer: Will flex the leg at the knee joint

      Explanation:

      The sartorius muscle arises from tendinous fibres from the superior iliac spine. It passes obliquely across the thigh from lateral to medial and is inserted into the upper part of the medial side of the tibia. When the sartorius muscle contracts it will flex the leg at the knee joint.

    • This question is part of the following fields:

      • Anatomy
      • Lower Limb
      26.9
      Seconds

  • Question 26 - Blood supply to the posterior compartment of the thigh is supplied by which...

    Incorrect

    • Blood supply to the posterior compartment of the thigh is supplied by which artery?

      Your Answer: Obturator

      Correct Answer: Perforating

      Explanation:

      There are usually 3 perforating arteries:

      The first gives branches to the adductor brevis and magnus, biceps femoris and gluteus maximus and anastomoses with the inferior gluteal, medial and lateral femoral circumflex.

      The second artery supplies the posterior femoral muscles and anastomose with the first and third perforating vessels.

      The third supplies the posterior femoral muscles.

    • This question is part of the following fields:

      • Anatomy
      • Lower Limb
      21.4
      Seconds

  • Question 27 - Which of the following structures is affected or damaged when the 'anterior drawer...

    Correct

    • Which of the following structures is affected or damaged when the 'anterior drawer test' is positive?

      Your Answer: Anterior cruciate ligament

      Explanation:

      The anterior drawer test is an important orthopaedic test that is used to test weakness of the anterior cruciate ligament. The test is done by having the patient sit in a supine position with his/her knees flexed at 90 degrees. An examiner stabilises the patients feet and softly pulls or pushes on the proximal tibia. The test is positive if there is translational movement of the tibia in relation to the femur, indicating a weakened anterior cruciate ligament. The anterior cruciate ligament prevents the tibia from sliding out in front of the femur.

    • This question is part of the following fields:

      • Anatomy
      • Lower Limb
      7.4
      Seconds

  • Question 28 - Which muscles are attached to the tibial tuberosity? ...

    Correct

    • Which muscles are attached to the tibial tuberosity?

      Your Answer: Vastus intermedius

      Explanation:

      The tuberosity of the tibia is the site of attachment to the ligamentum patella (the tendon of the quadriceps femoris muscle which include four heads: rectus femoris, vastus medialis, intermedius and lateralis).

    • This question is part of the following fields:

      • Anatomy
      • Lower Limb
      18.8
      Seconds

  • Question 29 - Identify which of the following muscles acts on two joints? ...

    Incorrect

    • Identify which of the following muscles acts on two joints?

      Your Answer: Adductor longus

      Correct Answer: Sartorius

      Explanation:

      The sartorius muscle, the longest muscle in the body, is one of the two jointed or biarticular muscles. It originates from the anterior superior iliac spine and part of the notch between the anterior superior iliac spine and anterior inferior iliac spine and crosses both the hip joint and the knee joint. At the hip joint the sartorius flexes and rotates the thigh at the hip joint and flexes the leg at the knee joint.

    • This question is part of the following fields:

      • Anatomy
      • Lower Limb
      15.5
      Seconds

  • Question 30 - Regarding the long head of the biceps femoris, which of the following is...

    Incorrect

    • Regarding the long head of the biceps femoris, which of the following is correct?

      Your Answer: It will extend the leg at the knee

      Correct Answer: It crosses two joints

      Explanation:

      The long head of the biceps femoris arises from the lower and inner impression on the back of the tuberosity of the ischium. It inserts with the short head in an aponeurosis which becomes a tendon and this tendon is inserted into the lateral side of the head of the fibula and the lateral condyle of the tibia, thus crossing two joints.

    • This question is part of the following fields:

      • Anatomy
      • Lower Limb
      20.3
      Seconds

SESSION STATS - PERFORMANCE PER SPECIALTY

Anatomy (14/30) 47%
Lower Limb (14/30) 47%
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