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Question 1
Correct
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The juxtaglomerular apparatus (JGA) lies within which part of the kidney?
Your Answer: Renal Cortex
Explanation:The substructures of the nephrons are mainly located within the cortex. The JGA sits next to the glomerulus in the cortex (click on the magnifying glass of the image to see the arrangement). They play an important role in blood pressure homeostasis as the juxtaglomerular cells produce renin. The descending and ascending limbs of the loop of Henle and collecting ducts have sections within both the cortex and medulla
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This question is part of the following fields:
- Anatomy
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Question 2
Incorrect
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Which of the following muscles does NOT receive innervation from the pudendal nerve?
Your Answer: External anal sphincter
Correct Answer: Internal anal sphincter
Explanation:The internal anal sphincter is innervated by the splanchnic nerves. Sympathetic nerve supply from the inferior hypogastric plexus (for contraction) and parasympathetic supply from nervi erigentes (for relaxation).
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This question is part of the following fields:
- Anatomy
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Question 3
Correct
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The rectus sheath is formed by which of the following?
Your Answer: aponeuroses of transversus abdominis, external and internal oblique
Explanation:The rectus sheath is formed by the decussation and interweaving of the aponeuroses of the fl at abdominal muscles. The external oblique aponeurosis contributes to the anterior wall of the sheath throughout its length. The superior two thirds of the internal oblique aponeurosis splits into two layers (laminae) at the lateral border of the rectus abdominis; one lamina passing anterior to the muscle and the other passing posterior to it. The anterior lamina joins the aponeurosis of the external oblique to form the anterior layer of the rectus sheath. The posterior lamina joins the aponeurosis of the transversus abdominis to form the posterior layer of the rectus sheath.
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This question is part of the following fields:
- Anatomy
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Question 4
Correct
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Which cell type of the testis secrete inhibin?
Your Answer: Sertoli cells
Explanation:Summary points of the two key testicular cell types:
1. Sertoli Cells = Secrete Inhibin. Forms blood-testis barrier. Have FSH receptors
2. Leydig Cells = Secrete testosterone. Have LH receptors -
This question is part of the following fields:
- Anatomy
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Question 5
Correct
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A patient undergoes surgery for a vaginal vault prolapse. After surgery she complains of numbness and groin pain. You assess her and find the numb area is the anterior aspect of the labia. Which nerve has likely been damaged during surgery?
Your Answer: Ilioinguinal
Explanation:This describes the sensory area supplied by the ilioinguinal nerve. This is a potential complication with pelvic surgery.
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This question is part of the following fields:
- Anatomy
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Question 6
Incorrect
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The ascending colon drains into the superior mesenteric vein (SMV). What vein does the SMV drain into?
Your Answer: Inferior vena cava
Correct Answer: Hepatic portal vein
Explanation:The superior mesenteric vein joins the splenic vein to form the hepatic portal vein.
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This question is part of the following fields:
- Anatomy
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Question 7
Correct
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The superficial inguinal ring is an aperture in which structure?
Your Answer: Aponeurosis external oblique
Explanation:The superficial ring is the exit to the inguinal canal. It is a triangular aperture in the aponeurosis of external oblique. The conjoint tendon reinforces the ring posteriorly
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This question is part of the following fields:
- Anatomy
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Question 8
Correct
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Which of the following is contained within the deep perineal pouch?
Your Answer: Proximal portion of urethra
Explanation:The deep perineal pouch contains the external urethral sphincter, proximal urethra in females and membranous urethra in males, deep transverse perineal muscles and the glands of cowper.
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This question is part of the following fields:
- Anatomy
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Question 9
Incorrect
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Which of the following muscles does NOT receive innervation from the pudendal nerve?
Your Answer: External anal sphincter
Correct Answer: Internal anal sphincter
Explanation:The internal anal sphincter is innervated by pelvic splanchnic nerves
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This question is part of the following fields:
- Anatomy
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Question 10
Correct
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What is the anatomical landmark used for gauging the station of the fetal head during labour?
Your Answer: Ischial Spine
Explanation:The ischial spines and palpable through the vagina and are used as landmarks to assess the decent of the fetal head from the cervix. It also serves as a landmark for giving the pudendal block.
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This question is part of the following fields:
- Anatomy
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