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  • Question 1 - The main source of nutrients in the liver is via the ...

    Correct

    • The main source of nutrients in the liver is via the

      Your Answer: Portal vein

      Explanation:

      The portal vein or hepatic portal vein is a blood vessel that carries blood from the gastrointestinal tract and spleen to the liver. This blood is rich in nutrients that have been extracted from food, and the liver processes these nutrients; it also filters toxins that may have been ingested with the food. 75% of total liver blood flow is through the portal vein, with the remainder coming from the hepatic artery proper.

    • This question is part of the following fields:

      • Hepatobiliary
      • Medicine
      4.1
      Seconds

  • Question 2 - Bile salts are responsible for: ...

    Correct

    • Bile salts are responsible for:

      Your Answer: The emulsification of fats

      Explanation:

      The main function of bile acids is to allow digestion of dietary fats and oils by acting as a surfactant that emulsifies them into micelles, allowing them to be colloidally suspended in the chyme before further processing.

    • This question is part of the following fields:

      • Hepatobiliary
      • Medicine
      3.4
      Seconds

  • Question 3 - The hepatic plates in the liver parenchyma consist of how many cell layers?...

    Correct

    • The hepatic plates in the liver parenchyma consist of how many cell layers?

      Your Answer: 1 – 2 cell layers

      Explanation:

      Hepatic plates in a hepatic lobule are arranged in 1-2 cell layers.

    • This question is part of the following fields:

      • Hepatobiliary
      • Medicine
      3.5
      Seconds

  • Question 4 - Select the correct statement regarding portal hypertension. ...

    Correct

    • Select the correct statement regarding portal hypertension.

      Your Answer: The total vascular resistance of the hepatic sinusoids is increased.

      Explanation:

      Portal hypertension is increased blood pressure within the portal venous system. This happens mainly due to liver damage which increases the vascular resistance of hepatic sinusoids by interfering with the normal blood flow. Portal blood pressure increases and flow through the liver decreases. Normal portal venous pressure is between 5-10 mmHg and in portal hypertension it’s usually more than 10 mmHg. This high pressure can cause accumulation of fluid in the peritoneal cavity known as ascites. To overcome the pressure, the portal vein starts to drain blood to systemic circulation via porto-systemic shunts. The connection between the portal vein and inferior vena cava is known as the porto caval shunt. Due to damaged hepatocytes, detoxification of substances absorbed in the intestine is impaired and the former shunt mixes non-detoxified blood with the systemic circulation. These toxic substances may affect neurons causing hepatic encephalopathy which is a major complication of portal hypertension.

    • This question is part of the following fields:

      • Hepatobiliary
      • Medicine
      11.7
      Seconds

  • Question 5 - Where is the lower border of the liver usually found? ...

    Correct

    • Where is the lower border of the liver usually found?

      Your Answer: 10th rib anterior axillary line on right

      Explanation:

      Assessment of liver margins is important clinically to determine the size of the liver and is done via percussion during the physical examination. The liver typically extends from the fifth intercostal space or 6th rib to the right costal margin in the midclavicular line and the 10th rib on anterior axillary line.

    • This question is part of the following fields:

      • Hepatobiliary
      • Medicine
      9
      Seconds

  • Question 6 - What is the normal portal venous pressure? ...

    Correct

    • What is the normal portal venous pressure?

      Your Answer: 6 mm hg

      Explanation:

      Portal venous pressure is the blood pressure in the hepatic portal vein, and is normally between 5-10 mmHg

    • This question is part of the following fields:

      • Hepatobiliary
      • Medicine
      3.7
      Seconds

  • Question 7 - Where is the normal upper border of the liver situated? ...

    Correct

    • Where is the normal upper border of the liver situated?

      Your Answer: 6th rib midclavicular line on right

      Explanation:

      Assessment of liver margins is important clinically to determine the size of the liver and is done via percussion during the physical examination. The liver typically extends from the fifth intercostal space or 6th rib to the right costal margin in the midclavicular line and the 10th rib on anterior axillary line.

    • This question is part of the following fields:

      • Hepatobiliary
      • Medicine
      7.4
      Seconds

  • Question 8 - Blood from the hepatic veins drains into the? ...

    Correct

    • Blood from the hepatic veins drains into the?

      Your Answer: Inferior vena cava

      Explanation:

      The hepatic veins are the veins that drain de-oxygenated blood from the liver into the inferior vena cava.

    • This question is part of the following fields:

      • Hepatobiliary
      • Medicine
      10.2
      Seconds

  • Question 9 - The conversion of haem to bilirubin is catalysed by which of these enzymes?...

    Incorrect

    • The conversion of haem to bilirubin is catalysed by which of these enzymes?

      Your Answer: Udp-glucuronyl transferase

      Correct Answer: Biliverdin reductase

      Explanation:

      Bilirubin is created by the activity of biliverdin reductase on biliverdin, a green tetrapyrrolic bile pigment that is also a product of haem catabolism.

    • This question is part of the following fields:

      • Hepatobiliary
      • Medicine
      12.2
      Seconds

  • Question 10 - The endothelium of the sinusoids has the following important function: ...

    Correct

    • The endothelium of the sinusoids has the following important function:

      Your Answer: Highly fenestrated, large subendothelial spaces, many macrophages

      Explanation:

      Substances absorbed in the intestines reach the liver via the portal vein and contain toxic substances that needs to be detoxified in hepatocytes. Thus, hepatic sinusoids are fenestrated and contain large spaces which allows passage of substances freely. These fenestrations are rich in Kupffer cells which are macrophages.

    • This question is part of the following fields:

      • Hepatobiliary
      • Medicine
      10.5
      Seconds

SESSION STATS - PERFORMANCE PER SPECIALTY

Hepatobiliary (9/10) 90%
Medicine (9/10) 90%
Passmed
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