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Question 1
Incorrect
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Sertoli cells contain receptors to which hormone?
Your Answer: LH
Correct Answer: FSH
Explanation:Sertoli cells contain receptors for FSH. In response to this Sertoli cells synthesize inhibin, androgen binding proteins and anti Mullerian hormone all which are connected to the reproduction cycle.
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This question is part of the following fields:
- Anatomy
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Question 2
Correct
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The ovarian artery is a branch of the:
Your Answer: Aorta
Explanation:The ovarian artery is an artery that supplies oxygenated blood to the ovary in females. It arises from the abdominal aorta below the renal artery. It can be found in the suspensory ligament of the ovary, anterior to the ovarian vein and ureter.
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This question is part of the following fields:
- Anatomy
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Question 3
Incorrect
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Which of the following is true about the origin of the ovarian artery?
Your Answer: It arises from the Renal artery
Correct Answer: It arises from the Abdominal Aorta
Explanation:The ovarian arteries are considered the main blood supply for the ovaries. The ovarian arteries usually arise from the lateral aspect of the abdominal artery, though in some instances they may arise from the renal or iliac arteries.
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This question is part of the following fields:
- Anatomy
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Question 4
Incorrect
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Lymph drainage from the bladder is via which nodes?
Your Answer: Mesenteric nodes
Correct Answer: External, Internal and Common iliac nodes
Explanation:Lymphatic drainage of the bladder is to the common iliac nodes via the internal iliac nodes.
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This question is part of the following fields:
- Anatomy
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Question 5
Incorrect
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The juxtaglomerular apparatus (JGA) lies within which part of the kidney?
Your Answer: Minor Calyces
Correct Answer: Renal Cortex
Explanation:The substructures of the nephrons are mainly located within the cortex. The JGA sits next to the glomerulus in the cortex (click on the magnifying glass of the image to see the arrangement). They play an important role in blood pressure homeostasis as the juxtaglomerular cells produce renin. The descending and ascending limbs of the loop of Henle and collecting ducts have sections within both the cortex and medulla
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This question is part of the following fields:
- Anatomy
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Question 6
Incorrect
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Which one of the following dimensions relates to the greatest diameter of the fetal head?
Your Answer: Suboccipit bregmatic
Correct Answer: Occipitomental
Explanation:Occipitomental diameter is the greatest diameter of the fetal scalp and runs from chin to the prominent portion on the occiput. It measure about 12.5cm in diameter.
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This question is part of the following fields:
- Anatomy
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Question 7
Incorrect
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The arcuate line forms part of the border of the pelvic brim. Where is it located?
Your Answer: Ischium
Correct Answer: Ilium
Explanation:Arcuate means ‘bow shaped’ and there are different arcuate lines in anatomical terms. Regarding the pelvic brim this is composed of the arcuate line of the ilium, pectineal line and prominences of sacrum and pubic symphysis (as demonstrated in the images below). As can be seen the arcuate line is a smooth rounded border on the internal surface of the ilium inferior to the iliac fossa and Iliacus. Image sourced from Wikipedia Note: The pelvic outlet is also called the inferior aperture. The pelvic brim is the superior aperture
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This question is part of the following fields:
- Anatomy
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Question 8
Incorrect
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Regarding the rectus sheath which of the following statements are true?
Your Answer: Above the arcuate line the external oblique divides into two lamellae
Correct Answer: Above the arcuate line the internal oblique divides into two lamellae
Explanation:The rectus sheath is formed by the aponeurosis of the internal and external oblique muscles and the transversus abdominus muscle. The internal oblique divides into two lamellae and encloses the rectus muscle. Anteriorly it fuses with the aponeurosis of the external oblique and posteriorly with that of the transverus abdominus. Below the arcuate line the aponeurosis of all the flat muscles lies anteriorly and posteriorly it is only enclosed by the transveralis fascia.
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This question is part of the following fields:
- Anatomy
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Question 9
Incorrect
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Regarding the Pituitary gland which of the following statements is true?
Your Answer: Is primarily an exocrine gland
Correct Answer: It is surrounded by the sella turcica
Explanation:The Sella turcica is composed of three parts:
1. The tuberculum sellae (horn of saddle): a variable slight to prominent median elevation forming the posterior
boundary of the prechiasmatic sulcus and the anterior boundary of the hypophysial fossa.
2. The hypophysial fossa (pituitary fossa): a median depression (seat of saddle) in the body of the sphenoid that accommodates the pituitary gland (L. hypophysis).
3. The dorsum sellae (back of saddle): a square plate of bone projecting superiorly from the body of the sphenoid.
It forms the posterior boundary of the Sella turcica, and its prominent superolateral angles make up the posterior clinoid processes. -
This question is part of the following fields:
- Anatomy
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Question 10
Incorrect
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What is the inferior border of the deep perineal pouch?
Your Answer: Superior fascia of the urogenital diaphragm
Correct Answer: Perineal membrane
Explanation:The perineal membrane is a tough fascial sheet that attaches to the sides of the urogenital triangle. it forms the inferior border of the deep pouch which lies between this and the levator ani and the superior border of the superficial pouch.
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This question is part of the following fields:
- Anatomy
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Question 11
Incorrect
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Which one of the following measurements is usually taken during clinical exam of the pelvis?
Your Answer: Flare of the iliac crest
Correct Answer: Shape of the pubic arch
Explanation:During pelvimetry, the shape of the pubic arch is usually examined. It helps in determining the outcome of the type of fetal delivery.
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This question is part of the following fields:
- Anatomy
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Question 12
Incorrect
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What is the anatomical landmark used for gauging the station of the fetal head during labour?
Your Answer: Pubic arch
Correct Answer: Ischial Spine
Explanation:The ischial spine is the anatomical landmark for assessing the station of the fetal head and also placing pudendal nerve blocks. (the pudendal nerve runs posterior to the ischial spine). The ischial spine can be palpated approximately 8cm into the vagina, at 4 and 8 o’clock.
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This question is part of the following fields:
- Anatomy
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Question 13
Incorrect
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Which of the following statements regarding the vaginal artery is typically TRUE?
Your Answer: It arises from the External iliac artery
Correct Answer: It arises from the Internal iliac artery
Explanation:The vaginal artery is the homolog to the inferior vesical artery in males. In most of the cases it arises from the internal iliac artery.
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This question is part of the following fields:
- Anatomy
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Question 14
Correct
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Question 15
Incorrect
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The lower part of the rectum is supplied by the middle rectal artery. What is the middle rectal artery a branch of?
Your Answer: Superior mesenteric artery
Correct Answer: Internal iliac artery
Explanation:The middle rectal artery arises from the anterior division of the internal iliac artery.
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This question is part of the following fields:
- Anatomy
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Question 16
Incorrect
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Which of the following takes part in the arterial supply of the ovary?
Your Answer: None of the above
Correct Answer: Uterine arteries
Explanation:The ovarian arteries, arising from the abdominal aorta and the ascending uterine arteries which are branches of the internal iliac artery all supply the ovaries. They terminate by bifurcating into the ovarian and tubal branches and anastomose with the contralateral branches providing a collateral circulation.
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This question is part of the following fields:
- Anatomy
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Question 17
Incorrect
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Regarding the pubic symphysis, what type of joint is it
Your Answer: Condyloid
Correct Answer: Secondary Cartilaginous
Explanation:The pubic symphysis is a cartilaginous joint. The cartilaginous joints are divided further into primary and secondary joints. The primary joint is called the synchondrosis. It articulates with the pubis of the other side.
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This question is part of the following fields:
- Anatomy
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Question 18
Incorrect
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The roof of the femoral triangle is formed by which structure?
Your Answer: Adductor longus
Correct Answer: Fascia lata
Explanation:The femoral triangle is bounded:
– Superiorly by the inguinal ligament that forms the base of the femoral triangle.
– Medially by the lateral border of the adductor longus.
– Laterally by the sartorius; the apex of the femoral triangle is formed where the borders of the sartorius and the adductor muscles meet.
– The floor of the femoral triangle is formed by the iliopsoas laterally and the pectineus muscle medially.
– The roof of the femoral triangle is formed by the fascia lata and cribriform
fascia, subcutaneous tissue, and skin. -
This question is part of the following fields:
- Anatomy
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Question 19
Incorrect
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What are the branches of the pudendal nerves in women?
Your Answer: Inferior rectal, ilioinguinal and perineal
Correct Answer: Perineal, inferior anal and dorsal nerve of clitoris
Explanation:The pudendal nerve provides sensory and motor innervation to regions of the anus, the perineum, the labia and the clitoris in women. The nerve is formed from the ventral rami of the S2-S4 sacral spinal nerves. The nerve is paired, each innervating the left and the right side of the body. The nerve gives the following branches in females: the inferior anal nerve, the perineal nerve and the dorsal nerve of the clitoris.
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This question is part of the following fields:
- Anatomy
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Question 20
Incorrect
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The main support of the uterus is provided by:
Your Answer: The infandilo-pelvic ligament
Correct Answer: The cardinal ligament
Explanation:The cardinal ligament (or Mackenrodt’s ligament, lateral or transverse cervical ligament) is a major ligament of the uterus. It is located at the base of the broad ligament of the uterus. It attaches the cervix to the lateral pelvic wall by its attachment to the Obturator fascia of the Obturator internus muscle, and is continuous externally with the fibrous tissue that surrounds the pelvic blood vessels. It thus provides support to the uterus.
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This question is part of the following fields:
- Anatomy
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Question 21
Incorrect
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The ureters receive autonomic supply from which spinal segments?
Your Answer:
Correct Answer: T11-L2
Explanation:The ureters receive innervation by a number of nerve plexuses. The nerves supplying the ureters originate from spinal segments T11 to L2. When you think about ureteric colic giving classic ‘loin to groin’ pain it is because the pain is referred to these dermatomes.
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This question is part of the following fields:
- Anatomy
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Question 22
Incorrect
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If the presenting part of the foetus is the large fontanel, this presentation is known as?
Your Answer:
Correct Answer: Sinciput
Explanation:Sinciput means the head is neither flexed nor extended. It is the area between forehead and crown and in this case the anterior fontanel is the presenting part.
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This question is part of the following fields:
- Anatomy
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Question 23
Incorrect
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Pelvic ligaments can change at term resulting in?
Your Answer:
Correct Answer: Enlargement of the pelvic cavity
Explanation:The pelvis is supported by a variety of ligaments. At term, these ligaments allow for variation in its structure such that the overall size of the pelvic cavity is increased in order to accommodate the upcoming foetus into the cavity.
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This question is part of the following fields:
- Anatomy
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Question 24
Incorrect
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Regarding the female breast how many lobes does the typical breast contain?
Your Answer:
Correct Answer: 15-20
Explanation:The basic components of the mammary gland are the alveoli. These are lined with milk-secreting cuboidal cells surrounded by myoepithelial cells. The alveoli join to form groups known as lobules. The lobules form lobes. Each lobe has a lactiferous duct that drains into openings in the nipple. Each breast typically contains 15-20 lobes.
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This question is part of the following fields:
- Anatomy
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Question 25
Incorrect
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Which of the following leaves the pelvis via the greater sciatic foramen?
Your Answer:
Correct Answer: Pudendal Nerve
Explanation:The pudendal nerve is formed by sacral nerve roots S2, S3 and S4 almost immediately as they exit the spinal foramina. The pudendal nerve exits the pelvis via the greater sciatic foramen, travels behind the sacrospinous ligament before re-entering the pelvis via the lesser sciatic foramen. It is an important nerve to be aware of as it supplies sensation to the genitalia and can also be damaged/compressed at a number of places along its course. Image sourced from Wikipedia
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This question is part of the following fields:
- Anatomy
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Question 26
Incorrect
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The arterial blood supply to the bladder is via branches of which artery?
Your Answer:
Correct Answer: Internal Iliac
Explanation:The bladder is supplied by branches of the internal iliac artery, including the superior vesical artery, branches of the gluteal and obturator arteries and the inferior vesical artery in males and the vaginal and the uterine arteries in females.
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This question is part of the following fields:
- Anatomy
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Question 27
Incorrect
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What is the average anteroposterior distance of the female pelvic outlet?
Your Answer:
Correct Answer: 13 cm
Explanation:The pelvic outlet is bounded in front by the lower margin of the symphysis pubis, on each side by the descending ramus of the pubic bone, the ischial tuberosity and the sacrotuberous ligament, and posteriorly by the last piece of the sacrum. The AP diameter of the pelvic outlet is 13.5 cm and the transverse diameter is 11 cm.
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This question is part of the following fields:
- Anatomy
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Question 28
Incorrect
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Leydig cells contain receptors to which hormone?
Your Answer:
Correct Answer: LH
Explanation:The Leydig cells contain receptors to the luteinizing hormone which in turn is responsible for the production of testosterone. This circulates in the body predominantly bound to transport proteins and to a lesser extent to albumin.
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This question is part of the following fields:
- Anatomy
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Question 29
Incorrect
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A patient attends clinic with a vaginal prolapse. On examination the vaginal prolapse is visible 1.5cm above the plane of the hymen. According to the POPQ classification what grade is this prolapse?
Your Answer:
Correct Answer: Grade 1
Explanation:This is a grade 1 prolapse
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This question is part of the following fields:
- Anatomy
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Question 30
Incorrect
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Under which one of the following conditions is the pelvic inlet felt to be contracted?
Your Answer:
Correct Answer:
Explanation:Contracted pelvis occurs when one or more of its diameters is reduced so that it interferes with the normal mechanism of labour. A transverse diameter below 11 cm will result in difficult delivery of the foetus and C-section will be the better option in that case
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This question is part of the following fields:
- Anatomy
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SESSION STATS - PERFORMANCE PER SPECIALTY
