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  • Question 1 - In response to tissue injury, which of these cannot sensitize and activate nociceptors?...

    Correct

    • In response to tissue injury, which of these cannot sensitize and activate nociceptors?

      Your Answer: Calcium

      Explanation:

      Histamine, serotonin, bradykinin and prostaglandin are all chemical mediators of inflammation with different distinct functions however all activate nociceptors. Calcium on the other hand cannot sensitize or activate nociceptors.

    • This question is part of the following fields:

      • Medicine
      • Neurology
      4.6
      Seconds

  • Question 2 - The axons of the POST ganglionic neurons are mostly? ...

    Correct

    • The axons of the POST ganglionic neurons are mostly?

      Your Answer: C fibers

      Explanation:

      According to Erlanger- Grasser classification preganglionic fibers are B fibers whereas post ganglionic fibers are C fibers.

    • This question is part of the following fields:

      • Medicine
      • Neurology
      3.3
      Seconds

  • Question 3 - Where is Vitamin B 12 absorbed? ...

    Correct

    • Where is Vitamin B 12 absorbed?

      Your Answer: Terminal ileum

      Explanation:

      Protein-bound vitamin B12 must be released from the proteins by the action of digestive proteases in both the stomach and small intestine. Gastric acid releases the vitamin from food particles; therefore antacid and acid-blocking medications (especially proton-pump inhibitors) may inhibit absorption of B12. B12 must be attached to Intrinsic Factor (IF) for it to be efficiently absorbed, as receptors on the enterocytes in the terminal ileum of the small bowel only recognize the B12-IF complex; in addition, intrinsic factor protects the vitamin from catabolism by intestinal bacteria.

    • This question is part of the following fields:

      • Haematology
      • Medicine
      1.6
      Seconds

  • Question 4 - Which structure forms the major part of the sternocostal surface of the heart?...

    Correct

    • Which structure forms the major part of the sternocostal surface of the heart?

      Your Answer: Right ventricle

      Explanation:

      The anterior (sternocostal) surface is formed mainly by the right ventricle.

    • This question is part of the following fields:

      • Cardiovascular
      • Medicine
      2.6
      Seconds

  • Question 5 - Coronary blood flow occurs in? ...

    Correct

    • Coronary blood flow occurs in?

      Your Answer: Diastole

      Explanation:

      Coronary arteries are unique in that they fill during diastole, when not occluded by valve cusps nor compressed by myocardial contraction).

    • This question is part of the following fields:

      • Cardiovascular
      • Medicine
      2.1
      Seconds

  • Question 6 - In the basal ganglia, the Lentiform nucleus is formed by which two nuclei?...

    Correct

    • In the basal ganglia, the Lentiform nucleus is formed by which two nuclei?

      Your Answer: Putamen and Globus pallidus

      Explanation:

      The Basal Ganglia are composed of the following structures: Caudate, putamen, Globus pallidus, subthalamic nucleus and substantia nigra.

      The Lentiform nucleus is a biconvex structure located within the basal ganglia of the brain. It is composed of two nuclei:

      1. Putamen: This is the outer part of the Lentiform nucleus and is involved in regulating movements and various types of learning.
      2. Globus pallidus: This is the inner part of the Lentiform nucleus and is divided into two segments: the external segment (GPe) and the internal segment (GPi). It plays a key role in the regulation of voluntary movement.

      These two structures together form the Lentiform nucleus, which is an integral part of the basal ganglia system involved in motor control.

    • This question is part of the following fields:

      • Medicine
      • Neurology
      2.8
      Seconds

  • Question 7 - Which of the following forms one of the characteristic and functional cells making...

    Correct

    • Which of the following forms one of the characteristic and functional cells making up the anterior pituitary gland?

      Your Answer: Corticotrope

      Explanation:

      The anterior pituitary, also known as adenohypophysis or pars anterior contains the following types of cells: – acidophil cells: somatotroph cells, which produce growth hormone; and lactotrophs, which produce prolactin- basophil cells: corticotropes, which produce adrenocorticotropic hormone; thyrotropes, which produce thyroid stimulating hormone; and – gonadotrophs, which produce luteinizing hormone and follicle stimulating hormone.

    • This question is part of the following fields:

      • Endocrinology
      • Medicine
      3.9
      Seconds

  • Question 8 - In a knockout mouse model the process used to combine the new DNA...

    Correct

    • In a knockout mouse model the process used to combine the new DNA sequence and the stem cells is known as:

      Your Answer: Insertion

      Explanation:

      Chimerisation is also known as the formation of recombinant DNA. When a foreign DNA sequence is inserted into a plasmid or other DNA sequence, this process is known as insertion.

    • This question is part of the following fields:

      • Genetics
      • Medicine
      2.2
      Seconds

  • Question 9 - If O2 makes up 21% of air, then at one atmosphere (760mmHg) it...

    Correct

    • If O2 makes up 21% of air, then at one atmosphere (760mmHg) it would be expected that the PO2 of inspired air should be 0,21 x 760 = 160mmHg. In the alveoli the actual measure is 149mmHg because…

      Your Answer: Water is equilibrated with air

      Explanation:

      There are several factors that determine the value of alveolar partial oxygen pressure including: the pressure of outside air, the partial pressure of inspired oxygen and carbon dioxide, the rates of total body oxygen consumption and carbon dioxide production, the rates of alveolar ventilation and perfusion. The alveolar partial pressure is lower than the atmospheric oxygen partial pressure. One reason is, as the air enters the lungs, it is humidified by the upper airway and thus the partial pressure of water vapour reduces the oxygen partial pressure as water is equilibrated with air.

    • This question is part of the following fields:

      • Medicine
      • Respiratory
      2
      Seconds

  • Question 10 - Type 2 hypersensitivity is mediated by: ...

    Correct

    • Type 2 hypersensitivity is mediated by:

      Your Answer: IgG, IgM & complement

      Explanation:

      In type II hypersensitivity the antibodies, IgG and IgM bind to antigens to form complexes that activate the classical pathway of complement to eliminate cells presenting foreign antigens.

    • This question is part of the following fields:

      • Immunology
      • Medicine
      1.6
      Seconds

SESSION STATS - PERFORMANCE PER SPECIALTY

Medicine (10/10) 100%
Neurology (3/3) 100%
Haematology (1/1) 100%
Cardiovascular (2/2) 100%
Endocrinology (1/1) 100%
Genetics (1/1) 100%
Respiratory (1/1) 100%
Immunology (1/1) 100%
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