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  • Question 1 - In the functional unit of the liver (acinus), the oxygenation… ...

    Incorrect

    • In the functional unit of the liver (acinus), the oxygenation…

      Your Answer: Reduces towards the periphery

      Correct Answer: Reduces towards the centre

      Explanation:

      Cells located close to the portal triad or peripheral zone which consist of arterioles from the hepatic artery are the most oxygenated cells. Cells in the central zone are least oxygenated and mainly receive blood supply from the central vein which is a branch of the hepatic vein.

    • This question is part of the following fields:

      • Hepatobiliary
      • Physiology
      36.6
      Seconds

  • Question 2 - What is the three main structures in the portal triad ( portal space...

    Incorrect

    • What is the three main structures in the portal triad ( portal space )?

      Your Answer: The sinusoids , branch of hepatic artery, branch of portal vein

      Correct Answer: Branch of hepatic artery, branch of portal vein, bile ductules

      Explanation:

      A portal triad (also known as portal field, portal area, or portal tract) is a distinctive arrangement in the liver. It is a component of the hepatic lobule. It consists of the following five structures:- Proper hepatic artery- Hepatic portal vein- Common bile duct- Lymphatic vessels- Branch of the vagus nerve

    • This question is part of the following fields:

      • Hepatobiliary
      • Physiology
      18.8
      Seconds

  • Question 3 - Concerning the functional unit of the liver, which segment is most susceptible to...

    Incorrect

    • Concerning the functional unit of the liver, which segment is most susceptible to hypoxic damage?

      Your Answer: Hepatic triad

      Correct Answer: Zone 3

      Explanation:

      From a metabolic perspective, the functional unit is the hepatic acinus (terminal acinus), each of which is centred on the line connecting two portal triads and extends outwards to the two adjacent central veins. The periportal zone I is nearest to the entering vascular supply and receives the most oxygenated blood, making it least sensitive to ischemic injury while making it very susceptible to viral hepatitis. Conversely, the centrilobular zone III has the poorest oxygenation, and will be most affected during a time of ischemia.

    • This question is part of the following fields:

      • Hepatobiliary
      • Physiology
      9.9
      Seconds

  • Question 4 - The production of bile is increased by: Stimulation of the ____ nerve and...

    Correct

    • The production of bile is increased by: Stimulation of the ____ nerve and the hormone ____.

      Your Answer: Vagus, CCK

      Explanation:

      Cholecystokinin is synthesized and secreted by enteroendocrine cells in the duodenum, the first segment of the small intestine, and causes the release of digestive enzymes and bile from the pancreas and gallbladder, respectively. It also acts as a hunger suppressant. Release of CCK is stimulated by monitor peptide released by pancreatic acinar cells as well as CCK-releasing protein, a paracrine factor secreted by enterocytes in the gastrointestinal mucosa. In addition, release of acetylcholine by the parasympathetic nerve fibers of the vagus nerve also stimulate its secretion.

    • This question is part of the following fields:

      • Hepatobiliary
      • Physiology
      12.8
      Seconds

  • Question 5 - The endothelium of the sinusoids has the following important function: ...

    Correct

    • The endothelium of the sinusoids has the following important function:

      Your Answer: Highly fenestrated, large subendothelial spaces, many macrophages

      Explanation:

      Substances absorbed in the intestines reach the liver via the portal vein and contain toxic substances that needs to be detoxified in hepatocytes. Thus, hepatic sinusoids are fenestrated and contain large spaces which allows passage of substances freely. These fenestrations are rich in Kupffer cells which are macrophages.

    • This question is part of the following fields:

      • Hepatobiliary
      • Physiology
      25.1
      Seconds

SESSION STATS - PERFORMANCE PER SPECIALTY

Hepatobiliary (2/5) 40%
Physiology (2/5) 40%
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