00
Correct
00
Incorrect
00 : 00 : 00
Session Time
00 : 00
Average Question Time ( Mins)
Retry this test Dashboard

  • Question 1 - The complex twisting and folding of peptide chains describes which order of protein...

    Incorrect

    • The complex twisting and folding of peptide chains describes which order of protein structure?

      Your Answer: Quaternary structure

      Correct Answer: Secondary structure

      Explanation:

      Secondary Structure refers to the coiling or folding of a polypeptide chain that gives the protein its 3-D shape. There are two types of secondary structures: the alpha (α) helix and the beta (β) pleated sheet.

    • This question is part of the following fields:

      • Medicine
      • Metabolism
      25.3
      Seconds

  • Question 2 - The largest energy reserves among both lean and obese subjects are from? ...

    Correct

    • The largest energy reserves among both lean and obese subjects are from?

      Your Answer: Fatty acids

      Explanation:

      The energy required for sustained exercise is provided by the oxidation of two fuels, glucose stored as glycogen in the liver and muscle, and long-chain fatty acids, stored as adipose tissue triglycerides. The latter provides the largest energy reserve in the body.

    • This question is part of the following fields:

      • Medicine
      • Metabolism
      25.7
      Seconds

  • Question 3 - Which of the following is an example of a ketone body? ...

    Correct

    • Which of the following is an example of a ketone body?

      Your Answer: Acetoacetate

      Explanation:

      Ketone bodies are three water-soluble molecules (acetoacetate, beta-hydroxybutyrate, and their spontaneous breakdown product, acetone) that are produced by the liver from fatty acids during periods of low food intake (fasting), carbohydrate restrictive diets, starvation, prolonged intense exercise, alcoholism or in untreated (or inadequately treated) type 1 diabetes mellitus.

    • This question is part of the following fields:

      • Medicine
      • Metabolism
      5.2
      Seconds

  • Question 4 - Which enzyme hydrolyses triglycerides in lipoproteins into free fatty acids for storage in...

    Incorrect

    • Which enzyme hydrolyses triglycerides in lipoproteins into free fatty acids for storage in fat cells?

      Your Answer: Lipoprotein reductase

      Correct Answer: Lipoprotein lipase

      Explanation:

      Lipoprotein lipase is a water-soluble enzyme that hydrolyses triglycerides in lipoproteins, such as those found in chylomicrons and very low-density lipoproteins (VLDL), into two free fatty acids and one monoacylglycerol molecule.

    • This question is part of the following fields:

      • Medicine
      • Metabolism
      23.3
      Seconds

  • Question 5 - The energy needed for glycogen synthesis comes from which compound? ...

    Incorrect

    • The energy needed for glycogen synthesis comes from which compound?

      Your Answer: ATP

      Correct Answer: UTP

      Explanation:

      Glycogen synthesis is, unlike its breakdown, endergonic—it requires the input of energy. Energy for glycogen synthesis comes from uridine triphosphate (UTP)

    • This question is part of the following fields:

      • Medicine
      • Metabolism
      22.9
      Seconds

  • Question 6 - When oxygen supply is restored, lactate formed during anaerobic metabolism is converted back...

    Correct

    • When oxygen supply is restored, lactate formed during anaerobic metabolism is converted back to?

      Your Answer: Pyruvate

      Explanation:

      During intense exercise, when the rate of demand for energy is high, glucose is broken down and oxidized to pyruvate, and lactate is then produced from the pyruvate faster than the body can process it, causing lactate concentrations to rise. The resulting lactate can be used in two ways:1. Oxidation back to pyruvate by well-oxygenated muscle cells, heart cells, and brain cells. Pyruvate is then directly used to fuel the Krebs cycle2. Conversion to glucose via gluconeogenesis in the liver and release back into circulation.

    • This question is part of the following fields:

      • Medicine
      • Metabolism
      14.7
      Seconds

  • Question 7 - Conjugation of proteins to which polypeptide marks them for degradation? ...

    Correct

    • Conjugation of proteins to which polypeptide marks them for degradation?

      Your Answer: Ubiquitin

      Explanation:

      Ubiquitin is a small regulatory protein that affects proteins in many ways: it can mark them for degradation via the proteasome, alter their cellular location, affect their activity, and promote or prevent protein interactions. Ubiquitination involves three main steps: activation, conjugation, and ligation,

    • This question is part of the following fields:

      • Medicine
      • Metabolism
      29.5
      Seconds

  • Question 8 - Oxidation is defined as a: ...

    Incorrect

    • Oxidation is defined as a:

      Your Answer: Addition of protons to substances

      Correct Answer: Loss of electrons from molecules

      Explanation:

      Oxidation is the loss of electrons or an increase in oxidation state by a molecule, atom, or ion.

    • This question is part of the following fields:

      • Medicine
      • Metabolism
      55.8
      Seconds

  • Question 9 - During anaerobic glycolysis, the net production of ATP is: ...

    Incorrect

    • During anaerobic glycolysis, the net production of ATP is:

      Your Answer: 38

      Correct Answer: 2

      Explanation:

      Anaerobic glycolysis is the transformation of glucose to lactate when limited amounts of oxygen (O2) are available. Anaerobic glycolysis is only an effective means of energy production during short, intense exercise, providing energy for a period ranging from 10 seconds to 2 minutes. It produces 2 ATP molecules per glucose molecule.

    • This question is part of the following fields:

      • Medicine
      • Metabolism
      19.5
      Seconds

  • Question 10 - Bile acids will be prevented from being absorbed by resection of which part...

    Incorrect

    • Bile acids will be prevented from being absorbed by resection of which part of the gastrointestinal tract?

      Your Answer: Jejunum

      Correct Answer: Ileum

      Explanation:

      Bile acids (also called bile salts) are produced in the liver, secreted into the biliary system, stored in the gallbladder and are released after meals stimulated by cholecystokinin. They are important for the digestion and absorption of fats (lipids) in the small intestine. Usually over 95% of the bile acids are absorbed in the terminal ileum and are taken up by the liver and resecreted.

    • This question is part of the following fields:

      • Medicine
      • Metabolism
      18
      Seconds

  • Question 11 - The enzyme that catalyses the final step in glycogen synthesis is: ...

    Correct

    • The enzyme that catalyses the final step in glycogen synthesis is:

      Your Answer: Glycogen synthase

      Explanation:

      Glycogen synthase is a key enzyme in glycogenesis, the conversion of glucose into glycogen. This enzyme combines excess glucose residues one by one into a polymeric chain for storage as glycogen.

    • This question is part of the following fields:

      • Medicine
      • Metabolism
      6.3
      Seconds

  • Question 12 - What catalyses the conversion of adenosine to inosine? ...

    Correct

    • What catalyses the conversion of adenosine to inosine?

      Your Answer: Adenosine deaminase

      Explanation:

      Adenosine deaminase (ADA) is an enzyme involved in purine metabolism. It is needed for the breakdown of adenosine from food and for the turnover of nucleic acids in tissues. ADA irreversibly deaminates adenosine, converting it to the related nucleoside inosine by the substitution of the amino group for a keto group.

    • This question is part of the following fields:

      • Medicine
      • Metabolism
      17.9
      Seconds

  • Question 13 - The main breakdown of fatty acids (by B-oxidation) occurs in which part of...

    Correct

    • The main breakdown of fatty acids (by B-oxidation) occurs in which part of the cell?

      Your Answer: Mitochondria

      Explanation:

      Once inside the mitochondria, the β-oxidation of fatty acids occurs via five recurring steps:Activation by ATPOxidation by FAD,Hydration,Oxidation by NAD+,Thiolysis,The final product is acetyl-CoA, the entry molecule for the citric acid cycle.

    • This question is part of the following fields:

      • Medicine
      • Metabolism
      13.6
      Seconds

  • Question 14 - Which enzyme is deficient in the inborn error of metabolism called galactosemia? ...

    Correct

    • Which enzyme is deficient in the inborn error of metabolism called galactosemia?

      Your Answer: Galactose-1-phosphate uridyl transferase

      Explanation:

      Galactosaemia is a rare genetic autosomal recessive metabolic disorder. Lactose is broken down by the enzyme lactase into glucose and galactose. In individuals with galactosemia, the enzymes needed for further metabolism of galactose (Galactose-1-phosphate uridyltransferase) are severely diminished or missing entirely, leading to toxic levels of galactose 1-phosphate in various tissues.

    • This question is part of the following fields:

      • Medicine
      • Metabolism
      16.2
      Seconds

  • Question 15 - Which of the following groups are purines? ...

    Incorrect

    • Which of the following groups are purines?

      Your Answer: Adenine, guanine, thymidine

      Correct Answer: Adenine, guanine, hypoxanthine

      Explanation:

      There are many naturally occurring purines. They include the nucleobases, adenine and guanine. Other notable purines are hypoxanthine, xanthine), theobromine, caffeine, uric acid and isoguanine.

    • This question is part of the following fields:

      • Medicine
      • Metabolism
      27.5
      Seconds

  • Question 16 - Which lipoprotein contains the most cholesterol esters? ...

    Incorrect

    • Which lipoprotein contains the most cholesterol esters?

      Your Answer: VLDL

      Correct Answer: LDL

      Explanation:

      LDL and HDL transport both dietary and endogenous cholesterol in the plasma, but LDL is the main transporter of cholesterol and cholesteryl esters.

    • This question is part of the following fields:

      • Medicine
      • Metabolism
      9.4
      Seconds

  • Question 17 - The conversion of fructose to fructose 1-phosphate is catalysed by: ...

    Correct

    • The conversion of fructose to fructose 1-phosphate is catalysed by:

      Your Answer: Fructokinase

      Explanation:

      The first step in the metabolism of fructose is the phosphorylation of fructose to fructose 1-phosphate by fructokinase.

    • This question is part of the following fields:

      • Medicine
      • Metabolism
      20.4
      Seconds

  • Question 18 - Which of the following refers to the process of decoding messenger RNA into...

    Correct

    • Which of the following refers to the process of decoding messenger RNA into an amino acid sequence?

      Your Answer: Translation

      Explanation:

      Messenger RNA (mRNA) is decoded in a ribosome, outside the nucleus, to produce a specific amino acid chain, or polypeptide. This is known as translation and follows after the process transcription of DNA to RNA in the cell’s nucleus.

    • This question is part of the following fields:

      • Medicine
      • Metabolism
      14.7
      Seconds

  • Question 19 - Which enzyme deficiency can lead to ammonia intoxication? ...

    Incorrect

    • Which enzyme deficiency can lead to ammonia intoxication?

      Your Answer: Arginosuccinate synthetase

      Correct Answer: Ornithine transcarbamylase

      Explanation:

      Ornithine transcarbamylase deficiency also known as OTC deficiency is the most common urea cycle disorder in humans. Ornithine transcarbamylase, the defective enzyme in this disorder is the final enzyme in the proximal portion of the urea cycle, responsible for converting carbamoyl phosphate and ornithine into citrulline. OTC deficiency is inherited in an X-linked recessive manner, meaning males are more commonly affected than females.

    • This question is part of the following fields:

      • Medicine
      • Metabolism
      838.3
      Seconds

  • Question 20 - Phosphorylation of glucose once it enters the cell is catalysed by which enzyme?...

    Incorrect

    • Phosphorylation of glucose once it enters the cell is catalysed by which enzyme?

      Your Answer: Glucose-6-phosphate synthetase

      Correct Answer: Hexokinase

      Explanation:

      Glucose 6-phosphate is produced by phosphorylation of glucose on the sixth carbon. This is catalysed by the enzyme hexokinase in most cells. One molecule of ATP is consumed in this reaction.

    • This question is part of the following fields:

      • Medicine
      • Metabolism
      31.5
      Seconds

SESSION STATS - PERFORMANCE PER SPECIALTY

Medicine (10/20) 50%
Metabolism (10/20) 50%
Passmed
Retry this test Dashboard