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Question 1
Incorrect
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When inserting a Seldinger chest drain for management of pneumothorax, the 'safe triangle' should be identified. Which of the following forms the inferior border of the 'safe triangle'?
Your Answer: 4 th intercostal space
Correct Answer: 5 th intercostal space
Explanation:Care and management of the thoracostomy tubes (chest tubes) are subject to the direction and practice pattern of the responsible physician. Therefore, it is difficult to make a “one size fits all” set of instructions about the specific management recommendations for all chest tubes. It is recommended to discuss specific expectations for management with the patient’s attending physician. Facility specific Clinical Practice Guidelines (CPGs) may provide further guidance for one’s practice. Placement of the appropriately sized chest tube is performed on the affected side. The typical landmark for placement is the 4th or 5th intercostal space (nipple line for males, inframammary fold for females) at the anterior axillary line. The space above the 5th intercostal space and below the base of the axilla that is bordered posteriorly by the trapezius and anteriorly by the pectoralis muscle has recently been described as the safe triangle. Tubes are positioned anteriorly for pneumothoraces and posteriorly for fluid processes.
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This question is part of the following fields:
- Anatomy
- Thorax
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Question 2
Correct
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In relation to the muscles of facial expression, It is true to say:
Your Answer: They are in the same subcutaneous plane as the platysma muscle
Explanation:The facial muscles generally originate from the facial bones and attach to the skin, in the same plane as the platysma muscle. They are all innervated by cranial nerve VII (the facial nerve). The occipitofrontalis muscle consists of two parts: The occipital belly, near the occipital bone, and the frontal belly, near the frontal bone.
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This question is part of the following fields:
- Anatomy
- Head & Neck
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Question 3
Incorrect
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During work up for a 29 year-old lady who complained of chest pain, a computed tomography showed a large mass in the posterior mediastinum. Which among the following structures could be involved?
Your Answer: Superior vena cava
Correct Answer: Lymph glands
Explanation:Boundaries of the posterior mediastinum include: Superior: a plane through the sternal angle and T4/5Inferior: the diaphragmAnterior: the middle mediastinal structuresPosterior the spinal cord. Structures in the posterior mediastinum include the descending thoracic aorta, the azygos system, oesophagus, thoracic duct and lymph nodes. The great vessels and structures at the root of the lung are part of the middle mediastinum. In this case, the lymph nodes is the correct answer.
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This question is part of the following fields:
- Anatomy
- Thorax
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Question 4
Correct
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All the following statements are FALSE regarding the ophthalmic division of the trigeminal nerve, except:
Your Answer: The ophthalmic nerve is the smallest branch of the trigeminal nerve
Explanation:The ophthalmic nerve is the smallest of the three trigeminal divisions. The cutaneous branches of the ophthalmic nerve supply the conjunctiva, the skin over the forehead, the upper eyelid, and much of the external surface of the nose.
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This question is part of the following fields:
- Anatomy
- Head & Neck
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Question 5
Incorrect
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The differentiation of type I and type II epithelial cells in the developing lung is evident in which gestational age?
Your Answer: Alveolar: 32 weeks gestation to age 8
Correct Answer: Canalicular: 16-24 weeks gestation
Explanation:The differentiation between type 1 and type 2 epithelia in the developing lung buds is evident from 16-24 weeks of gestation.Development of the respiratory tract has five stages:- Embryonic (at 4 – 5 weeks of gestation):Formation of lung buds, trachea and mainstem bronchi occur. These structures are formed from a ventral outpouching of foregut pharynx. At this stage, the beginnings of the five lung lobes are present.- Pseudoglandular (at 5 – 16 weeks of gestation):Formation of terminal bronchioles, cartilage and smooth muscles occur in this stage. – Canalicular (at 16-24 weeks gestation): Differentiation of type I and II epithelial cells can be done in this stage. There is also an increase in the size of proximal airways).- Saccular (at 24 – 40 weeks of gestation): Terminal saccule formation occurs. Production of surfactant takes place at this stage with an increase in the number of goblet cellsUp to half the adult number of alveoli are in place by this stage.- Alveolar (occurs between 32 weeks of gestation till the post-natal age 8): Formation of alveoli and septation occurs with the expansion of air spaces.
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This question is part of the following fields:
- Anatomy
- Embryology
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Question 6
Incorrect
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A 33 year old woman presents with a history of recurrent infections and abscesses in the neck. Examination reveals a midline defect with an overlying scab which moves upwards on tongue protrusion. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?
Your Answer: Branchial cyst
Correct Answer: Thyroglossal cyst
Explanation:Congenital neck masses are developmental anomalies typically seen in infants or children. Common conditions include thyroglossal duct cysts, branchial cleft cysts, and cystic hygromas. These malformations present as painless neck masses, which can cause dysphagia, respiratory distress, and neck pain due to compression of surrounding structures. The location of the mass depends on the embryological structure the cysts arise from. Diagnosis is made based on clinical findings and imaging results (ultrasound, CT, MRI), which also help in surgical planning. Treatment consists of complete surgical resection to prevent recurrence and complications such as infection or abscess formation. The thyroglossal cyst is present from birth and usually detected during early childhood. It presents as a painless, firm midline neck mass, usually near the hyoid bone, which elevates with swallowing and tongue protrusion. May cause dysphagia or neck/throat pain if the cyst enlarges.
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This question is part of the following fields:
- Head & Neck
- Pathology
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Question 7
Correct
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What intrinsic muscle of the larynx is responsible for the tensing of the vocal cords?
Your Answer: Cricothyroid muscle
Explanation:The cricothyroid muscle is the only tensor muscle of the larynx aiding with phonation. It attaches to the anterolateral aspect of the cricoid and the inferior cornu and lower lamina of the thyroid cartilage. Its action tilts the thyroid forward to help tense the vocal cords.
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This question is part of the following fields:
- Anatomy
- Head & Neck
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Question 8
Correct
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All of the following typically occurs as part of normal inspiration except:
Your Answer: Contraction of the internal intercostal muscles
Explanation:Passive inspiration is a result of contraction of the diaphragm (depressing the diaphragm) and the external intercostal muscles (elevating the ribs). In inspiration, several movements occur. These are: 1. elevation of the sternal ends of the ribs (‘pump handle’ movement), 2. elevation of the lateral shafts of the ribs (‘bucket handle’ movement) 3. depression of the diaphragm. These result in expansion of the thorax in an anteroposterior, transverse and vertical direction respectively. There is an increased intrathoracic volume and decreased intrathoracic pressure and air is drawn into the lungs.
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This question is part of the following fields:
- Anatomy
- Thorax
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Question 9
Correct
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A patient is diagnosed with a tumour of the parotid gland. During surgical removal of the gland, which artery is vulnerable to injury?
Your Answer: External carotid artery
Explanation:The external carotid artery is a major artery of the head and neck. It arises from the common carotid artery when it splits into the external and internal carotid artery. It supplies blood to the face and neck. The external carotid artery begins opposite the upper border of the thyroid cartilage and, taking a slightly curved course, passes upward and forward and then inclines backward to the space behind the neck of the mandible, where it divides into the superficial temporal and internal maxillary arteries. It rapidly diminishes in size in its course up the neck, owing to the number and large size of the branches given off from it. At its origin, this artery is more superficial and placed nearer the midline than the internal carotid and is contained within the carotid triangle. The external carotid artery is covered by the skin, superficial fascia, platysma, deep fascia and anterior margin of the sternocleidomastoid. It is crossed by the hypoglossal nerve, by the lingual, ranine, common facial and superior thyroid veins; and by the digastric and stylohyoid; higher up it passes deeply into the substance of the parotid gland, where it lies deep to the facial nerve and the junction of the temporal and internal maxillary veins. It is here that it is in danger during surgery of the parotid gland.
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This question is part of the following fields:
- Anatomy
- Head & Neck
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Question 10
Incorrect
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The otic ganglion receives its preganglionic sympathetic fibres from which of the following nerves?
Your Answer: Trigeminal nerve
Correct Answer: Glossopharyngeal nerve
Explanation:The otic ganglion is a small (2–3 mm), oval shaped, flattened parasympathetic ganglion of a reddish-grey colour, located immediately below the foramen ovale in the infratemporal fossa and on the medial surface of the mandibular nerve. The preganglionic parasympathetic fibres originate in the inferior salivatory nucleus of the glossopharyngeal nerve. They leave the glossopharyngeal nerve by its tympanic branch and then pass via the tympanic plexus and the lesser petrosal nerve to the otic ganglion. Here, the fibres synapse, and the postganglionic fibres pass by communicating branches to the auriculotemporal nerve, which conveys them to the parotid gland. They produce vasodilator and secretomotor effects.
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This question is part of the following fields:
- Anatomy
- Head & Neck
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Question 11
Incorrect
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What is embryological origin of the pulmonary artery?
Your Answer: Second pharyngeal arch
Correct Answer: Sixth pharyngeal arch
Explanation:There are 6 pharyngeal arches, the fifth does not contribute any useful structures and often fuses with the sixth arch. The structures arising from the aortic arches are as follows:First aortic arch: It regresses except for a very small part that gives rise to the maxillary artery.Second aortic arch: It regresses except for a very small part giving rise to the stapedial artery.Third aortic arch: This arch is the source of the common carotid artery and the proximal part of the internal carotid artery, and the external carotid which arises as a bud from this arch.Right Fourth aortic arch: Is the genesis of the proximal part of the right subclavian artery.Left Fourth aortic arch: Gives rise to the medial portion of the arch of the aorta.Fifth aortic arch: The fifth aortic arch regresses completely and very early in the development.Sixth aortic arch: Either of the sixth aortic arches divides into ventral and dorsal segments, and therefore, their derivatives also divide into these two segments.Right Sixth Arch:Ventral: Gives rise to the right pulmonary artery.Dorsal: It degenerates completely and loses its connection with the dorsal aorta.Left Sixth ArchVentral: It gives rise to the left pulmonary artery that goes to the left pulmonary bud.Dorsal: It forms a vital connection during intrauterine life between the left pulmonary artery and the arch of the aorta. This structure is called ductus arteriosus.
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This question is part of the following fields:
- Anatomy
- Embryology
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Question 12
Correct
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Which of the following foramina will the ophthalmic artery pass through in order to reach the eye?
Your Answer: Optic canal
Explanation:The optic foramen is the opening to the optic canal. The canal is located in the sphenoid bone; it is bounded medially by the body of the sphenoid and laterally by the lesser wing of the sphenoid. The superior surface of the sphenoid bone is bounded behind by a ridge, which forms the anterior border of a narrow, transverse groove, the chiasmatic groove (optic groove). The groove ends on either side in the optic foramen, which transmits the optic nerve and ophthalmic artery into the orbital cavity. Compared to the optic nerve, the ophthalmic artery is located inferolaterally within the canal.
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This question is part of the following fields:
- Anatomy
- Head & Neck
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Question 13
Incorrect
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From which germ layer does the myenteric plexus of the GI tract developed:
Your Answer: Endoderm
Correct Answer: Neural crest of Ectoderm
Explanation:During the 5th week, the neural crest cells migrate along each side of the spinal cord where they form ganglions located dorsolateral to the aorta. Some of these cells migrate ventrally and form neurons in the preaortic ganglia as the celiac and mesenteric ganglia.
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This question is part of the following fields:
- Anatomy
- Embryology
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Question 14
Incorrect
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A 39-year-old woman, is scheduled for a thyroidectomy for her previously diagnosed Grave's disease. She is eligible for surgery as medical treatment options have failed to control her symptoms and she is the sole guardian for her young children, so radioiodine treatment is unsuitable. While gaining her consent for the surgery, she is told of possible complications of thyroidectomy, which include damage to the sensory branch of the superior laryngeal nerve. What is the name of the sensory nerve that arises from the superior laryngeal nerve?
Your Answer: External laryngeal nerve
Correct Answer: Internal laryngeal nerve
Explanation:The superior laryngeal nerve gives off two branches: the sensory branch which is the internal laryngeal nerve, and the motor branch which is the external laryngeal nerve. The recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) rises from the vagus nerve which supplies the intrinsic muscles of the larynx, except the cricothyroid muscles.
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This question is part of the following fields:
- Anatomy
- Head & Neck
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Question 15
Correct
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Which of the following muscles is least likely to be involved in forceful expiration:
Your Answer: External intercostal muscles
Explanation:Forceful expiration is primarily produced by the deeper thoracic muscles (internal and innermost intercostal muscles, subcostals and transversus thoracis) aided by contraction of the abdominal wall muscles which increase intra-abdominal pressure thus further reducing the volume of the thorax.
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This question is part of the following fields:
- Anatomy
- Thorax
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Question 16
Correct
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A 51 year old female presents with a sensation of grittiness in her eyes which has been present for the past few months. She also complains of symptoms of a dry mouth. On examination, she is seen with a swelling of her parotid gland. However, she has no evidence of facial nerve palsy. Which of the following is the most likely underlying diagnosis?
Your Answer: Sjogren's syndrome
Explanation:Sjogren syndrome (SS) is a long-term autoimmune disease that affects the body’s moisture-producing glands. Primary symptoms are a dry mouth and dry eyes. Other symptoms can include dry skin, vaginal dryness, a chronic cough, numbness in the arms and legs, feeling tired, muscle and joint pains, and thyroid problems. Those affected are at an increased risk (5%) of lymphoma. It primarily affects women in their peri and post-menopausal years of life.
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This question is part of the following fields:
- Head & Neck
- Pathology
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Question 17
Correct
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A 10-year-old develops tonsillitis and presents to the hospital in considerable pain. Which among the following nerves carries the sensation from the tonsillar fossa?
Your Answer: Glossopharyngeal nerve
Explanation:The glossopharyngeal nerve is the primary sensory nerve for the tonsillar fossa. The lesser palatine nerve makes a smaller contribution. Because of this, otalgia may occur following tonsillectomy.Anatomical Rationale:Each palatine tonsil has two surfaces, a medial surface which projects into the pharynx and a lateral surface that is embedded in the wall of the pharynx.The primary arterial supply is from the tonsillar artery, a branch of the facial artery. Its veins pierce the constrictor muscle to join the external palatine or facial veins. The external palatine vein is immediately lateral to the tonsil, which may result in bleeding during a tonsillectomy.Lymphatic drainage is the jugulodigastric node and the deep cervical nodes.TonsillitisThe inflammation of tonsils is usually due to bacterial aetiology (50%) – group A Streptococcus, the remainder of the causes are viral.May be complicated by the development of an abscess (quinsy), which may distort the uvula.Indications for tonsillectomy include recurrent acute tonsillitis, and enlargement causing sleep apnoea.Dissection tonsillectomy is the preferred technique with haemorrhage being the most frequent complication. Delayed otalgia may occur owing to irritation of the glossopharyngeal nerve.
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This question is part of the following fields:
- Anatomy
- Head & Neck
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Question 18
Incorrect
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All of the muscles of the tongue (other than the palatoglossus) are innervated by which of the following nerves:
Your Answer: Glossopharyngeal nerve
Correct Answer: Hypoglossal nerve
Explanation:All of the muscles of the tongue are innervated by the hypoglossal nerve, except for the palatoglossus, which is innervated by the vagus nerve.
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This question is part of the following fields:
- Anatomy
- Head & Neck
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Question 19
Incorrect
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Which of the following muscles attaches to the pterygomandibular raphe?
Your Answer: Middle pharyngeal constrictor muscle
Correct Answer: Superior pharyngeal constrictor muscle
Explanation:The pterygomandibular raphé (pterygomandibular ligament) provides attachment on its posterior border to the superior pharyngeal constrictor and on its anterior border to the buccinator muscle.
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This question is part of the following fields:
- Anatomy
- Head & Neck
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Question 20
Correct
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Lisa is a 75-year-old female rushed into the emergency department by first-aid responders. The ambulance team give a history of vomiting, homonymous hemianopia, weakness of the left upper and lower limb, and dysphasia. Lisa adds that she has a headache that keeps worsening. Lisa takes Warfarin as she is a known case of atrial fibrillation. Her INR is 4.3 despite the ideal target being 2-3. CT scan of the head suggests anterior cerebral artery haemorrhage. What areas of the brain are affected by an anterior cerebral artery stroke?
Your Answer: Frontal and parietal lobes
Explanation:The anterior cerebral artery supplies the midline portion of the frontal lobe and the superior medial parietal lobe of the brain. It also supplies the front four-fifths of the corpus callosum and provides blood to deep structures such as the anterior limb of the internal capsule, part of the caudate nucleus, and the anterior part of the globus pallidus. The cerebral hemispheres are supplied by arteries that make up the Circle of Willis. The Circle of Willis is formed by the anastomosis of the two internal carotid arteries and two vertebral arteries. Clinically, the internal carotid arteries and their branches are often referred to as the anterior circulation of the brain. The anterior cerebral arteries are connected by the anterior communicating artery. Near their termination, the internal carotid arteries are joined to the posterior cerebral arteries by the posterior communicating arteries, completing the cerebral arterial circle around the interpeduncular fossa, the deep depression on the inferior surface of the midbrain between the cerebral peduncles. The middle cerebral artery supplies part of the frontal, temporal and parietal lobes. The posterior cerebral artery supplies the occipital lobe.
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This question is part of the following fields:
- Anatomy
- Head & Neck
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Question 21
Incorrect
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Regarding the hard palate, which of the following statements is CORRECT:
Your Answer: The posterior one-quarter of the hard palate is formed by the maxillae.
Correct Answer: Lymphatic vessels from the palate usually drain into deep cervical lymph nodes.
Explanation:Lymphatic vessels from the pharynx and palate drain into the deep cervical lymph nodes.
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This question is part of the following fields:
- Anatomy
- Head & Neck
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Question 22
Incorrect
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During a surgical procedure involving the carotid artery, which nerve in the cervical plexus of nerves that is embedded in the carotid sheath is most susceptible to injury?
Your Answer: Transverse cervical nerve
Correct Answer: Ansa cervicalis
Explanation:The ansa cervicalis is a loop of nerves that are part of the cervical plexus. They lie superficial to the internal jugular vein in the carotid triangle. Branches from the ansa cervicalis innervate the sternohyoid, sternothyroid and the inferior belly of the omohyoid. The superior root of the ansa cervicalis is formed by a branch of spinal nerve C1. These nerve fibres travel in the hypoglossal nerve before leaving to form the superior root. The superior root goes around the occipital artery and then descends embedded in the carotid sheath. It sends a branch off to the superior belly of the omohyoid muscle and is then joined by the inferior root. The inferior root is formed by fibres from spinal nerves C2 and C3.
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This question is part of the following fields:
- Anatomy
- Head & Neck
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Question 23
Correct
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The tensor villi palatini muscle is a broad thin, ribbon-like muscle in the head that tenses the soft palate. Which of the following structures is associated with the tensor villi palatini muscle?
Your Answer: The hamulus of the medial pterygoid plate
Explanation:The pterygoid hamulus is a hook-like process at the lower extremity of the medial pterygoid plate of the sphenoid bone around which the tendon of the tensor veli palatini passes.
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This question is part of the following fields:
- Anatomy
- Head & Neck
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Question 24
Incorrect
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At rest, the left dome of the diaphragm normally reaches as high as which of the following:
Your Answer: Fourth intercostal space
Correct Answer: Fifth intercostal space
Explanation:At rest the right dome of the diaphragm lies slightly higher than the left; this is thought to be due to the position of the liver. In normal expiration, the normal upper limits of the superior margins are the fifth rib for the right dome, the fifth intercostal space for the left dome and the xiphoid process for the central tendon.
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This question is part of the following fields:
- Anatomy
- Thorax
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Question 25
Incorrect
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The spinal cord tracts that transmits the sensations of pain, crude temperature, and light touch is?
Your Answer: Corticospinal
Correct Answer: Spinothalamic
Explanation:Dorsal column (ascending tract) – Proprioception, vibration, discriminative Spinocerebellar (ascending tract) – Subconscious muscle position and tone Corticospinal (descending tract) – Voluntary muscle Rubrospinal (descending tract) – Flexor muscle tone Vestibulospinal (descending tract) – Reflexes and muscle tone Reticulospinal(descending tract) – Voluntary movements, head position.- Autonomic – Descending tract.
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This question is part of the following fields:
- Anatomy
- Thorax
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Question 26
Incorrect
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Which one is true with respect to the first rib?
Your Answer: The subclavian vein runs lateral to the subclavian artery
Correct Answer: Scalenus anterior is inserted onto the scalene tubercle
Explanation:Specific knowledge of the anatomical relationship is required to address this examination question. The first rib is small and thick and contains a single facet that articulates at the costovertebral joint. It consist of a head, neck and shaft but a discrete angle is deficit. Along the side the shaft is indented with a groove for the subclavian artery and the lower brachial plexus trunk. Front to the scalene tubercle is a space for the subclavian vein. The first rib has the scalenus front muscle joined to the scalene tubercle, isolating the subclavian vein (anteriorly) from the subclavian artery (posteriorly). This anatomical relationship is of major significance with respect to subclavian vein cannulation. The 1st rib has the following relationships: superior: lower trunk of the brachial plexus, subclavian vessels, clavicle. inferior: intercostal vessels and nerves posterior and inferior: pleura anterior: sympathetic trunk (over neck) superior intercostal artery, ventral T1 nerve root
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This question is part of the following fields:
- Anatomy
- Thorax
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Question 27
Incorrect
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A patient suffers a stab wound to the neck. The entry point of the blade is situated within the posterior triangle of the neck. Which of the following muscles is LEAST likely to be involved? Select ONE answer only.
Your Answer: Anterior scalene
Correct Answer: Sternohyoid
Explanation:The anterior triangle is the triangular area of the neck found anteriorly to the sternocleidomastoid muscle. It is formed by the anterior border of sternocleidomastoid laterally, the median line of the neck medially and by the inferior border of the mandible superiorly. The apex of the anterior triangle extends towards the manubrium sterni. The anterior triangle contains: Muscles: thyrohyoid, sternothyroid, sternohyoid muscles Organs: thyroid gland, parathyroid glands, larynx, trachea, esophagus, submandibular gland, caudal part of the parotid gland Arteries: superior and inferior thyroid, common carotid, external carotid, internal carotid artery (and sinus), facial, submental, lingual arteries Veins: anterior jugular veins, internal jugular, common facial, lingual, superior thyroid, middle thyroid veins, facial vein, submental vein, lingual veins Nerves: vagus nerve (CN X), hypoglossal nerve (CN XII), part of sympathetic trunk, mylohyoid nerve The posterior triangle is a triangular area found posteriorly to the sternocleidomastoid muscle. It has three borders; anterior, posterior and inferior borders. The anterior border is the posterior margin of the sternocleidomastoid muscle. The posterior border is the anterior margin of the trapezius muscle, while the inferior border is the middle one-third of the clavicle. The investing layer of deep cervical fascia and integument forms the roof of the space, while the floor is covered with the prevertebral fascia along with levator scapulae, splenius capitis and the scalene muscles. The inferior belly of omohyoid subdivides the posterior triangle into a small supraclavicular, and a large occipital, triangle. Contents: Vessels: the third part of the subclavian artery, suprascapular and transverse cervical branches of the thyrocervical trunk, external jugular vein, lymph nodes Nerves: accessory nerve (CN XI), the trunks of the brachial plexus, fibers of the cervical plexus
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This question is part of the following fields:
- Anatomy
- Head & Neck
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Question 28
Correct
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A suspicious growth on the posterior tongue of a 40-year-old man was discovered by his dentist and was immediately referred for possible oral cancer. The lymph from the posterior tongue will drain to which of the following nodes?
Your Answer: Deep cervical nodes
Explanation:Lymph from the medial anterior two thirds of the tongue travels to the deep cervical lymph nodes. Lymph from the lateral anterior tongue goes to the submandibular nodes.
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This question is part of the following fields:
- Anatomy
- Head & Neck
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Question 29
Incorrect
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Regarding the anatomical relations of the scalenus muscles, which of these is true?
Your Answer: The subclavian artery and vein are separated by scalenus medius
Correct Answer: The trunks of the brachial plexus emerge from the lateral border of scalenus anterior
Explanation:The ascending cervical artery lies media the phrenic nerve on scalenus anterior and can easily be mistaken for the phrenic nerve at operation.The phrenic nerve passes across scalenus anterior and medius inferiorly.The subclavian artery is separated from the vein by the scalenus anterior.The brachiocephalic vein is formed at the medial border of scalenus anterior by the subclavian vein and the internal jugular vein.Emerging from the lateral border of scalenus anterior are the trunks of the brachial plexus .
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This question is part of the following fields:
- Anatomy
- Head & Neck
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Question 30
Incorrect
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Of the following, which is NOT a branch of the subclavian artery?
Your Answer: Vertebral artery
Correct Answer: Superior thyroid artery
Explanation:The left subclavian artery originates from the aortic arch, while the right subclavian artery originates from the brachiocephalic artery. The subclavian artery gives off branches on both sides of the body: 1. Vertebral artery 2. Internal thoracic artery 3. Thyrocervical trunk 4. Costocervical trunk 5. Dorsal scapular artery The superior thyroid artery is the first branch of the external carotid artery. The other branches of the external carotid artery are: 1. Superior thyroid artery 2. Ascending pharyngeal artery 3. Lingual artery 4. Facial artery 5. Occipital artery 6. Posterior auricular artery 7. Maxillary artery 8. Superficial temporal artery
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This question is part of the following fields:
- Anatomy
- Head & Neck
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SESSION STATS - PERFORMANCE PER SPECIALTY
