-
Question 1
Correct
-
Which are the main hormones secreted by the posterior pituitary gland.
Your Answer: Oxytocin and vasopressin
Explanation:The posterior pituitary gland secretes oxytocin and vasopressin (antidiuretic hormone). These hormones are stored in Herring bodies before being secreted into the bloodstream.
-
This question is part of the following fields:
- Endocrinology
- Medicine
-
-
Question 2
Correct
-
Which of the following biochemical profiles is seen in a normal 65 year old female? (in comparison to a normal 24 yr. old female)
Your Answer: Increased FSH, LH; decreased oestrogen, progesterone
Explanation:During menopause, a woman’s number of ovarian follicles becomes depleted; as a result, oestrogen and progesterone levels drop, and LH and FSH levels increase. One of the criteria to diagnose menopause is the absence of menstrual period for a year, along with a serum FSH level increased to 30 mIU/ml or higher. LH also rises with the onset of menopause.
-
This question is part of the following fields:
- Endocrinology
- Medicine
-
-
Question 3
Incorrect
-
As assessed by immunocytochemistry and electron microscopy, the anterior pituitary gland contains how many different types of cells?
Your Answer: 7
Correct Answer: 5
Explanation:The pituitary is divided into three sections
-the anterior lobe which constitute the majority of the pituitary mass and is composed primarily of five hormone-producing cell types (thyrotropes, lactotropes, corticotropes, somatotropes and gonadotropes) each secreting thyrotropin, prolactin, ACTH, growth hormone and gonadotropins (FSH and LH) respectively.
There is also a sixth cell type in the anterior lobe -the non-endocrine, agranular, folliculostellate cells.
The intermediate lobe produces melanocyte-stimulating hormone and endorphins, whereas the posterior lobe secretes anti-diuretic hormone (vasopressin) and oxytocin.
-
This question is part of the following fields:
- Endocrinology
- Medicine
-
-
Question 4
Correct
-
To which of the following plasma proteins is T4 most bound in plasma?
Your Answer: Thyroxine-binding globulin
Explanation:Thyroxine-binding globulin, also known as TBG, is one of the three transport proteins responsible for carrying T4 and T3 through the circulatory system. It carries most of the T4 present in plasma, which it binds to strongly, shielding the hydrophobic hormones from the aqueous surroundings.
-
This question is part of the following fields:
- Endocrinology
- Medicine
-
-
Question 5
Correct
-
Which is primarily responsible for the conversion of T4 to T3 in the periphery?
Your Answer: Deiodinase 1
Explanation:Type 1 iodothyronine deiodinase, also known simply as deiodinase 1, is an enzyme which can produce both triiodothyronine (active form) or inactivate metabolites from T4. It is responsible for almost 80% of the conversion of peripheral T4 to T3. Iodothyronine deiodinases are not to be confused with iodotyrosine deiodinases, which are also part of the deiodinase enzymes.
-
This question is part of the following fields:
- Endocrinology
- Medicine
-
-
Question 6
Incorrect
-
Regarding the structure of the 3 pituitary glycoprotein hormones FSH, LH, and TSH, which of the following is true about the α- and β-subunits of each hormone?
Your Answer: They are produced by the same genes
Correct Answer: Maximal physiological activity occurs only on their combination
Explanation:Glycoprotein hormones (GPHs) are the most complex molecules that function as hormones. They each consist of two different subunits, α and β, which are non-covalently associated. The combination of these subunits results in an increase in their activity and β structure.
-
This question is part of the following fields:
- Endocrinology
- Medicine
-
-
Question 7
Incorrect
-
Which one of the following makes up most of the adrenal cortex?
Your Answer: Zona glomerulosa
Correct Answer: Zona fasciculata
Explanation:The zona fasciculata represents the widest area of the adrenal cortex, situated in the middle of the cortex. It produces glucocorticoids including; 11-deoxycorticosterone, corticosterone, and cortisol.
-
This question is part of the following fields:
- Endocrinology
- Medicine
-
-
Question 8
Incorrect
-
Which glucose transporter is responsible for the uptake of glucose in ß cells?
Your Answer: GLUT 1
Correct Answer: GLUT 2
Explanation:Glucose transporter 2, also known as GLUT2 is a transmembrane carrier protein which is not insulin dependent. It is found in the liver and the pancreatic islet ß cells, where it functions as the primary glucose transporter that allows the transfer of glucose between these organs and blood.
-
This question is part of the following fields:
- Endocrinology
- Medicine
-
-
Question 9
Incorrect
-
The febrile response to PGE2 will be impaired with the knockout of which one of the following prostaglandin receptors?
Your Answer: Ep2
Correct Answer: Ep3
Explanation:Prostaglandin EP3 receptor is a receptor for prostaglandin E2. Fever occurs as a result of the action of prostaglandin E2 and requires EP3 receptors in the preoptic area. Therefore, if there is an absence of EP3 receptors, fever caused by prostaglandin E2 will not occur.
-
This question is part of the following fields:
- Endocrinology
- Medicine
-
-
Question 10
Incorrect
-
Compact/cortical bone makes up
Your Answer: Inner layer of most bones and accounts for 80% of bone in the body
Correct Answer: The outer layer of most bones and accounts for 80% of bone in the body
Explanation:Cortical, lamellar, or compact bone, is more dense than spongy bone and it forms the rigid, outer layer of bones, also called cortex. It consists of packed osteons, with a central osteonic canal surrounded by concentric rings. Spaces called lacunae are filled with osteocytes, and channels called canaliculi go from the lacunae to the osteonic canal. The strength of cortical bone allows it to support the body and protect organs. It also stores different elements, such as calcium.
-
This question is part of the following fields:
- Endocrinology
- Medicine
-
SESSION STATS - PERFORMANCE PER SPECIALTY
